Faba bean

ORTIZ L T, ALZUETA c, TREVINO J, CASTANO M (1994) Effects of faba bean tannins on the growth and histological strncture of the intestinal tract and liver of chicks and rats. Br Poult Sci. 35 743-54. 

Faba bean, Vicia faba cultured hydroponically with nutrient solutions containing 100 mg Cu/L for 24 days shoots analyzed before (day 4) and after (day 24) 20-day infestation by the black bean aphid, Aphis fabae. Controls were raised Aphid infestation caused a significant reduction in copper content of shoots from 51 mg Cu/kg DW to 17 mg/kg copper in control was 25 mg/kg DW prior to aphid infestation and 14 mg/kg after 20-day infestation 3... 

Mauromicale G, Restuccia G, Marchese M (2001) Soil solarization, a non-chemical technique for controlling Orobanche crenata and improving yield of faba bean. Agronomie 21 757-765. doi 10.105 l/agro 2001167... 

Hussein, L., Eattah, M.A., and Salem, E., Characterization of pure proanthocyanidins isolated from the hulls of faba beans, J. Agric. Food Chem., 38, 95, 1990. 

Kantar, F., Pilbeam, C.J., and Hebblethwaite, P.D., Effect of tannin content opf faba bean Vida faba) seed on seed vigour, germination and field emergence, Ann. Appl. Biol, 128, 85, 1996. 

Bugg, R. L., Ellis, R. T. and Carlson, R. W. (1989). Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) using extrafloral nectar of faba bean (Viciafaba L., Fabaceae) in Massachusetts. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 6 107-114. 

Visser AJ, Tosserams M, Groen MW, Kalis G, Kwant R, Magendans GWH, Rozema J (1997) The combined effects of C02 concentration and enhanced UV-B radiation on faba bean. 3. I eaf optical properties, pigments, stomatal index and epidermal cell density. Plant Ecol 128 209-222 Wagner F (1998) The influence of environment on the stomatal frequency in Betula. PhD Dissertation, Utrecht University Utrecht... 

The faba bean, also known as field bean, horse bean and broad bean, is an annual legume that grows well in cool climates. It is well established as a feedstuff for horses and ruminants and is now receiving more attention as a feedstuff for poultry, particularly in Europe, because of the deficit in protein production. At the current time, the EU uses over 20 million t of protein feeds annually, but produces only 6 million t. The most suitable expansion in locally produced protein feedstuffs may be from crops of the legume family (beans, peas, lupins and soybeans). Field beans grow well in regions with mild winters and adequate summer rainfall and the beans store well for use on-farm. 

As with the main cereals, faba beans are a relatively poor source of Ca and are low in iron and Mn. The P content is higher than in canola. Faba beans contain lower levels of biotin, choline, niacin, pantothenic acid and riboflavin, but a higher level of thiamin, than soybean meal or canola meal. 

Faba beans contain several ANFs such as tannins, protease inhibitors (vicin/ convicin) and lectins. Use of low-vicin/convicin cultivars may allow substantial levels of faba beans to be included in poultry diets (Danner, 2003). The levels of trypsin inhibitor and lectin activities are low compared with other legume seeds and do not pose problems in poultry diets when faba beans are incorporated into diets at the levels shown below. Of most concern for poultry is the tannin fraction, which has been shown to depress digestibility of the protein and AA (Ortiz et al., 1993). Tannins in whole faba beans are associated with the seedcoat (testa), and the tannin content is related to the colour of the seedcoat (and flowers). Tannins are lower in white than in the colour-seeded varieties. 

Castro, L.F.R.V., de Taveira, A.M.C.F. and da Costa, J.S.P. (1992) Faba beans (Vicia faba L.) for feeding laying hens and meat chickens. Avances en Alimentacion y Mejora Animal 32, 3-8. 

Danner, E.E. (2003) Use of low-vicin/convicin faba beans (Vicia faba) in laying hens. ArchivfUr Gefliigelkunde 67, 249-252. 

Farrell, D.J., Perez-Malondano, R.A. and Mannion, P.F. (1999) Optimum inclusion of field peas, faba beans, chick peas and sweet lupins in poultry diets. II. Broiler experiments. British Poultry Science 40, 674-680. 

Fru-Nji, F., Niess, E. and Pfeffer, E. (2007) Effect of graded replacement of soyabean meal by faba beans (Vicia faba L.) or field peas (Pisum sativum L.) in rations for laying hens on egg production and quality. Journal of Poultry Science 44, 34-41. 

Mikulski, D., Faruga, A., Kriz, L. and Klecker, D. (1997) The effect of thermal processing of faba beans, peas, and shelled grains on the results of raising turkeys. Zivocisna-Vyroba 42, 72-81. 

Moschini, M., Masoero, F., Prandini, A., Fusconi, G., Morlacchini, M. and Piva, G. (2005) Raw pea (Pisum sativum), raw faba bean (Vicia faba var. minor) and raw lupin (Lupinus albus var. multitalia) as alternative protein sources in broiler diets. Italian Journal of Animal Science 4,59-69. 

Ortiz, L.T., Centeno, C. and Trevino, J. (1993) Tannins in faba bean seeds effects on the digestion of protein and amino acids in growing chicks. Animal Feed Science and Technology 41, 271-278. 

Table 4.1.9A. Faba beans (IFN 5-09-262). The entire seed of the faba bean plant Vicia faba. (From CFIA, 2007.)...

Viola, R., Davies, H. V., and Chudeck, A. R. 1991. Pathways of starch and sucrose biosynthesis in developing tubers of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and seeds of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) Elucidation by 13C-nuclear magnetic-resonance spectroscopy. Planta 183, 202-208. 

Ross, H.A., McRae, D., and Davies, H.V, 1996, Sucrolytic enzyme activities in cotyledons of the faba bean (developmental changes and purification of alkaline invertase). Plant Physiol. 111(1) 329-338. 

The seeds cf many other species cf legumes are also eaten. These inclnde the chick pea Cicer arietinum, lentil Lens escidenta, common pea Pisuni sativuni, broad or faba bean Viciafaba, cow pea Vigna sinensis, common bean P. vulgaris, mung bean Pkaseolus aureus, Lima bean P. lunatus, and scarlet runner bean P. mult lorus. The entire pod of the carob Ceratonia sili-qua can be eaten and is similar to a candy because cf the naturally large concentratim of si ar that it contains. 

Jansman AJ, Frohlich AA, Marquardt RR Production of proline-rich proteins by the parotid glands of rats is enhanced by feeding diets containing tannins from faba beans (Vicia faba L.). JNutr 1994 124 249. 

B2. Back, N., Ausman, R. K., Weinstein, M., and Lanphier, E. H., Effect of alkylating agents on growth of Vida faba bean root tips under various oxygen tensions. Federalion Proc. 21, 423 (1962). 

The whipping expansion was determined by 4 minutes whip of a solution having 3% protein ( ). Figure 4 shows whipping expansion versus DH for ultrafiltered and acid-precipitated soy proteins modified by Alcalase. Similar results have also been found for ultrafiltered and acid-precipitated proteins from faba beans (Vicia faba) (Sejr Olsen, unpublished results). 

Rashed MN, Awadallah RM. 1998. Trace elements in faba bean (Vicia faba L) plant and soil as determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy and ion selective electrode. J Sci Food Agric 77 18-24. 

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