Life cycle profile

There are many ways you can prime the search for innovation opportunities in green product design. Two with a proven track record are described in detail below the life-cycle profile and the eco-innovation compass. 

Evaluate Risks. The information collected in Steps 1 and 2 is combined to estimate the risks to human health and the environment for each life cycle stage. Depending on the availability of base set data, the initial estimates may range from qualitative to quantitative. The analyst must determine gaps in the life cycle profiles and either generate data to fill the gaps or make reasonable worst-case assumptions. 

The life cycle profile of this product, reflecting the data available at the time, noted the following. DuPont Light Stabilizer 210 is a white powder with particle sizes centered in the range of 130-140 nm. 10-20 wt% falls within the nano range, that is, <100 nm. The particles are dense polyhedral Ti02 crystals surface treated to control chemical reactions. The particles cannot be broken... 

Life cycle profile of electrochemical capacitor operating within moderate parameters where time is 10 cycles. The horizontal line indicates acceptable loss in relative capacitance. 

SOFC stack remanufacturing will reduce the contribution to all impacts from the baseline more than any other design alternative investigated because life cycle impacts are expected to track with plant steel consumption not fuel consumption. If remanufacturing is not an option, the use of recycled steel improves the life cycle profile. 

Perform sensitivity and uncertainty analysis. Calculation of life-cycle costs and net benefits assumes that cash-flow profiles and the value of MARR are reasonably accurate. In most cases, uncertain assumptions and estimates are made in developing cash flow profile forecasts. Sensitivity analysis can be performed by testing how the outcome changes as the assumptions and input values change. 

The case study described here shows that emissions of chemicals, including substances that might be considered as additives in the printed matter life cycle, may contribute significantly to the LCA impact profile. In order to increase the reliability of this result, confirmation, by use of newer and improved LCIA methodology and updated LCI data for the background processes, are desirable. Newer LCIA methodology has actually been used in other LCA studies on printed... 

The aim of the Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) is to facilitate the interpretation of the results of the inventory analysis. The result of the inventory analysis is an emission profile for each alternative system. In this study the emission profile is the total of all emissions to air, water and soil from the grave-to-cradle chain for the use of cushion vinyl floor covering, including the up chain processes, like electricity production and the down chain processes, like the incineration and landfill of the waste. Such an emission profile may consist of hundreds of emissions and extractions. In LCA impact assessment the total of interventions (emissions, extractions) of a process chain is evaluated in terms of environmental problems (impact categories). 

Whilst the pigment has a favourable toxicity profile and a long history of application in sensitive applications such as cosmetics and in food-contact applications, in order to meet the requirements of discerning customers practice sustainable procurement and look for products with a beneficial life cycle analysis. This paper, therefore, outlines the results of a study which shows how a commitment to sustainable manufacture is an essential addition to the favourable toxicity profile. Areas for improvement are recognised and options for renewable energy resources are discussed. 

A recent example of an attempt to determine whether using a renewable bio-logicaUy-based process for making a particular product exhibits a better environmental profile in comparison to using a synthetic pathway is the comparison of two different processes for the manufacture of the pharmaceutical intermediate 7-aminocephalosporic acid (7-ACA) as a case study [33]. The methodology used for the assessment integrates environment, health, safety, and life cycle aspects... 

The SSG was created in this manner to give a broad overview of the EHS performance profile of solvents and highlight any areas that would have major issues to eliminate, mitigate, or manage. The most recent addition to the SSG was the LCA score. The LCA score is based on a life cycle inventory (LCI) of each solvent and includes the impact categories shown in Table 3.6. The unique aspect of the LCA score is that it is based on a very comprehensive list of factors which contribute to a solvent s environmental impact, which includes the waste generation from... 

The development of green Foodomics runs parallel to the improvement and design of techniques able to assess the environmental impact of the different protocols/processes/operations involved. At present several techniques can be found in the literature to test, for instance, the impact of analytical chemistry methods (such as the Greeness profile, the HPLC-EAT, or the Analytical Eco-Scale) and the environmental impacts associated with a product or process, over its entire life cycle (such as Life Cycle Assessment). Nevertheless, techniques able to provide a more holistic view of the different aspects... 

Le Roch KG, Zhou Y, Blair PL et al (2003) Discovery of gene function by expression profiling of the malaria parasite life cycle. Science 301 1503-1508... 

A discussion is presented on the switch by some councils and local housing associations from PVC to timber despite the Department for Environment, Food Rural Affairs life cycle assessment of PVC, which found that there was little to chose between PVC and alternative materials. The issue of recycling of PVC window profiles is also considered. 

A validation consultancy firm has conducted validation work for several North American and European pharmaceutical manufacturers and has developed a staffing life-cycle model. This firm s experience suggests that this model is rather generic, in that it seems to fit most computer system validation programs. It can be used to assess the total validation workload. Figure 3.8 shows that the staffing profile consists of three phases preparation, implementation, and maintenance. 

Saouter, E., G. Van Hoof, C. Pittinger, and T. Feijtel. 2000. A retrospective analysis of the environmental profile of laundry detergents, submitted to International Journal of life cycle analysis, October 2000. 

With the growing awareness for the protection of the environment, there is a greater need for producers to improve the environmental profile of their products. Consumers and regulatory bodies expect more information on the effects of products on the environment during their manufacture, use, and disposal. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is used as a holistic approach to assess the impact of a product throughout its life cycle. An important aspect of LCA is recycling and waste management. 

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