Confocal laser scanning

Ribbe A E 1997 Laser scanning confocal microscopy in polymer science Trends Polym. Sc/. 5 333-7 Oliveira M J and Hemsiey D A 1996 Optical microscopy of polymers Sonderb. Prakt. Metallogr. 27 13-22 Nie Sh and Zare R N 1997 Optical detection of single molecules Ann. Rev. Biophys. Biomol. Struct. 26 567-96 Masters B R 1994 Confocal redox imaging of cells Adv. Mol. Cell Biol. 8 1-19... 

There are also laser-scanning confocal microscopes rapidly overtaking the TSM as a means of confocal microscopy. There is also a computer software program that produces a "confocal" image by recogni2ing the shapes of out-of-focus detail, ie, halos, and subtracting these from the in-focus image. 

Ghiggino, K. P., Harris, M. R. and Spizzirri, P. G. (1992). Fluorescence lifetime measurements using a novel fiberoptic laser scanning confocal microscope. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 63, 2999-3002. 

Laser-scanning Confocal Microscopy (LSCM) Study of Plant Secretory Cell... 

Materials required Carl Zeiss Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope LSM 510 NLO Carl Zeiss, object glasses, cover glasses, plant allelochemicals and pigments, azulene, quercetin and rutin, rutacridone, chlorophyll, sum of carotenoids... 

Fig. 8 The fluorescence image of Chenopodium album salt gland seen in laser-scanning confocal microscope. The excitation wavelength 488 nm, emission > 520 nm. A - single image of the gland slice B - stack of the slices (sum, resulting or composite image) of the gland.

Fluorescence of secretory structures may be seen and measured by various technique from simple luminescent microscope and complex laser scanning confocal microscope to microspectrofluorimetry described in this chapter. 

LASER SCANNING CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY OF INTACT SECRETORY CELLS... 

Zhou, Y. et al., Use of a new fluorescent probe seminaphthofluorescein-calcein, for determination of intracellular pH by simultaneous dual-emission imaging laser scanning confocal microscopy, J. Cell Physiol., 164, 9, 1995. 

Transient spontaneous increases in intracellular ionized Ca2+ concentration, [Ca2+] , were first detected in smooth muscle as bursts of openings of Ca2+ activated K+ channels (Benham Bolton 1986). Several years later, laser scanning confocal imaging showed that similar spontaneous transient increases in... 

Classically, laser scanning confocal microscopy has been used to investigate Ca2+ waves. For relatively flat, cultured cells, less technically demanding epifluorescence... 

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