Bean, kidney

Kidney beans Kidney damage Kidneys Kidney stones... 

Eig. 1. Principal cross-section types found in acryhc and modacryhc fibers (a), round (b), kidney bean-shaped (c), dogbone-shaped (d), ribbon-like and... 

Garlic, sweet potato, wheat, barley, sunflower, bean (mung), sesame, lupine, strawberry, artichke (Jerusalem), bean (kidney), bean (lima), groundnut/peanut Moderately sensitive (1.0-2.0ppm)... 

HERZIG K H, BARDOCZ s, GRANT G, NUSTEDE R, FOLSCH u R, PUSZTAi A (1997) Red kidney bean lectin is a potent cholecystokinin releasing stimulus in the rat inducing pancreatic growth. Gut. 41 333-8. 

Cyanidin, peonidin, and pelargonidin were detected in free forms in the Tolosa bean variety. This was the first report regarding the presence of aglycones in natural form in vegetable samples. On the basis of the data obtained by HPLC-MS and chemical tests, 3-methyldelphinidin and 3-methylcyanidin were identified in scarlet red runner beans and in kidney beans. ... 

Galactose is the second most widespread monosaccharide in foods, being found in apples, dwarf dogwood, cranberries, black chokeberries, highbush blueberries, Vaccinium padifolium blueberries, - Coriaria myrtifolia, black carrots, " eggplants, pistachios, and black and kidney beans. ... 

Chonng, M.-G. et al., Anthocyanin profile of Korean cultivated kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 7040, 2003. 

Leaves and flower plants Cabbage, Chinese cabbage, Japanese radish (leaves), broccoli, komatuna, soybeans (immature), field pea, kidney beans (immature), onion, garlic, scaUion, hops... 

Plants (cucumber, tomato, eggplant, French bean, deep root leek, strawberry, grape, apple, pear, cherry, peach, Unshu orange, Chinese citron, watermelon, persimmon, lemon, kabosu lime, sudachi, small beans and kidney beans), soil and water Gas-chromatographic determination... 

Rice (rice grain, rice straw), leek, lettuce, sugar beet (root), sugar beet (leaf), kidney beans, string beans and soil Gas-chromatographic determination... 

Untreated control samples were fortified with mepronil. The fortification levels were 0.05-0.25 mg kg for plant materials and 0.005-0.05 mg kg for soil. The following recoveries were obtained 93-95% from rice grain 93-99% from rice straw 86-96% from grape 99-103% from leek 90-110% from lettuce 96-106% from sugar beet (root) 92-100% from sugar beet (leaf) 91-96% from kidney beans 96-100% from string beans and 86-98% from soil. The limit of detection is 0.005 mg kg for plant samples, except for rice straw and soil materials, and 0.01 mg kg for rice straw. 

Xian X. 1989. Response of kidney bean to concentration and chemical form of cadmium, zinc, and lead in polluted soils. Environment Pollution 57 127-137. 

PHA Red kidney bean A-Acetyl-D-galactosamine IV-Acetyl-D-galactosamine... 

Finally we should briefly mention the purple acid phosphatases, which, unlike the alkaline phosphatases, are able to hydrolyse phosphate esters at acid pH values. Their purple colour is associated with a Tyr to Fe(III) charge transfer band. The mammalian purple acid phosphatase is a dinuclear Fe(II)-Fe(III) enzyme, whereas the dinuclear site in kidney bean purple acid phosphatase (Figure 12.13) has a Zn(II), Fe(III) centre with bridging hydroxide and Asp ligands. It is postulated that the iron centre has a terminal hydroxide ligand, whereas the zinc has an aqua ligand. We do not discuss the mechanism here, but it must be different from the alkaline phosphatase because the reaction proceeds with inversion of configuration at phosphorus. 

Figure 12.13 Coordination of the dinuclear site in kidney bean purple acid phosphatase. (Reprinted with permission from Parkin, 2004. Copyright (2004) American Chemical Society.)...

The known hazardous effects of most synthetic corrosion inhibitors are the reasons for the search of safer and environmentally friendly natural products. Plant extracts are viewed as an incredibly rich source of naturally synthesized chemical compounds that can be extracted at low costs. Naturally occurring substances such as vanillin [1], Opuntia extracts [2], lawsonia extract [3], natural honey [4] and extracts of chamomile, halfabar, black cumin and kidney bean [5] are some... 

An inhibitor of a-amylase, acarbose, obtained from the red kidney bean, prevents breakdown of starch which, con-... 

Purple acid phosphatase (PAP) or tartrate-resistant phosphatase is not thought to be a protein phosphatase but it has a very similar dimetallic active site structure to that found in protein phosphatases. PAPs have been identified in bacteria, plants, mammals, and fungi. The molecular weights (animal 35 kDa, plant 55 kDa) are different and they exhibit low sequence homology between kingdoms but the residues involved in coordination of the metal ions are invariant. " There has been considerable debate as to the identity of the metal ions in PAPs in vivo. Sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas, has been shown to possess two different PAP enzymes and the active site of one of them has been shown to contain one Fe and one Zn " " ion. Another report has established that the active site of a PAP from sweet potato contains one Fe " and one Mn +. The well-characterized red kidney bean enzyme and the soybean enzyme contain Fe " and Zn. Claims that PAP from sweet potato has 2Fe ions or 2Mn ions have been discussed elsewhere. One explanation is that these are different forms of the enzyme, another is that because the metal ions are labile and are rapidly incorporated into the active site, the enzyme contains a mixture of metal ions in vivo and the form isolated depends on the conditions of isolation. 

Crystal structures of PAP from red kidney beans, rat, and pig are available. A crystal structure determination of the Fe/Mn sweet potato enzyme has been carried out. The structures of the active sites are shown in Figure 33. 

Figure 33 Structures of the active sites in (a) mammalian PAP and (b) kidney bean PAP.

J. J. Marshall and C. M. Lauda, Purification and properties of phaseolamin, an inhibitor of a-amylase, from the kidney bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, J. Biol. Chem., 250 (1975) 8030-8037. 

Legumin, from Pea. (Osborne and Clapp.) Amandin, from Almond. (Osborne and Clapp Osborne and Gilbert.) Glycinin, from SoyBean. (Osborne and Clapp.) Phaseolin, from White Kidney Bean. (Cisborne and Clapp.) Protein of Maize. (Osborne and Clapp.)... 

The arthropod hemocyanins have yielded the most to diffraction studies. Studies of Limulus hemocyanin by Magnus and Love (1983, cited by Preaux and Gielens, 1984) showed a kidney bean-shaped subunit which is consistent with both electron micrographs and the structure of hemocyanin from Panuliris interruptus (spiny lobster). 

Bioavailability of starch. Cooked rice was administered to colectomized rats by gastric intubation and the recovery of starch in the ileal digesta measured after 10 hours of ingestion. Significant starch (11-15%) was recovered from animals fed peas, lima beans, or kidney beans 0.2-0.4% of starch from rice. Oligosaccharide extraction, the size of the test meal, and the amount of starch did not affect starch biovailability . cAMP accumulation. Methanol extract of the grain, in cell culture at a concentration of 1 mg/mL, was active on mast cells " . 

Kidney bean Phaseolus vulgaris, lunatus, radiatus... 

PHA Red kidney bean W-acetyl-p- p-glucosamine W-acetyl-p- o-glucosamine... 

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