Isoflavones cardiovascular

Dietary Isoflavones Cardiovascular Actions and Activation of Cellular Signaling Pathways... 

Recently, another plausible mechanistic basis for isoflavone-mediated cardiovascular disease prevention has been proposed. In a study to find the... 

LICHTENSTEIN A H (1998) Soy protein, isoflavones and cardiovascular disease risk. JNutr. 128 (10) 1589-92. 

In spite of the alleged benefits of isoflavones, some studies have produced inconsistent results in relation to their protective effect against cardiovascular diseases (Lin and others 2007 van der Schouw and others 2005 Engelman and others 2005). Some of the inconsistencies are due to the small sample size in most of the studies and to the very marked differences in metabolism among subjects (Erdman and others 2007 Visioli and others 2000). Therefore, no firm conclusions can be drawn. 

Lower incidence of heart disease has also been reported in populations consuming large amounts of soy products. Lowering of cholesterol is probably the best-documented cardioprotective effect of soy. ° Soy protein incorporated into a low-fat diet can reduce cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations and the soy isoflavones are likely to contribute to these effects. Soy isoflavones have been reported to improve cardiovascular risk factors in peripubertal rhesus monkeys, and inflammatory markers in atherosclerotic, ovariecto-mized monkeys. The potential role of phytoestrogens, including isoflavonoids, as cardioprotective agents has been extensively reviewed." ... 

Antioxidant action is one of the mechanisms that may contribute to the cardiovascular protective effects of soy and soy isoflavones. Antioxidant properties have been reported for isoflavones both in vitro and in vivo (see Section 7.3.5). 

Anthony MS, Clarkson TB, Hughs CL Jr, Morgan TM, Burke GL. Soybean isoflavones improve cardiovascular risk factors without affecting the reproductive system of peripubertal rhesus monkeys. J. Nutr. 126, 43-50, 1996. 

Sagara M, Kanda T, Njelekera M et al. Effects of dietary intake of soy protein and isoflavones on cardiovascular disease risk factors in high risk, middle-aged men in Scotland. J. Am. Coll Nutr. 23, 85-91, 2004. 

Atkinson C, Oosthuizen W, Scollen et al. Modest protective effects of isoflavones from a red clover-derived dietary supplement on cardiovascular disease risk factors in perimenopausal women, and evidence of an interaction with ApoE genotype in 49-65 year-old women. J. Nutr. 134, 1759-1764, 2004. 

Considerable evidence exists from epidemiological and experimental studies for preventive effects of soy or isoflavones against chronic diseases including cancer (breast, prostate, colorectal, lung), osteoporosis, cardiovascular disorders, and menopausal symptoms, but this is not always consistent [Adlercreutz... 

Rimbach G, Boesch-Saadatmandi C, Frank J, Fuchs D, Wenzel U, Daniel H, Hall W, Weinberg P. 2008. Dietary isoflavones in the prevention of cardiovascular disease—A molecular perspective. Food Chem Toxicol 46 1308-1319. 

Sacks FM, Lichtenstein A, Van HL, Harris W, Kris-Etherton P, Winston M. 2006. Soy protein, isoflavones, and cardiovascular health An American Heart Association Science Advisory for professionals from the Nutrition Committee. Circulation 113 1034—1044. 

Numerous health benefits have been reported or claimed for flavonoids and isoflavones, such as in cancer prevention, cardiovascular effects, and relief of menopausal syndromes. However, concerns have been raised about potential adverse effects, such as enhancement of reproductive organs and anti-thyroid effects. In order to evaluate potential beneficial or hazardous health effects from flavonoids. 

On the other hand, isoflavones have been shown to have mild osteoprotective effects on the bones of ovarictemised rats, as well as on the bones of postmenopausal women [75, 76], Also, a protective effect against cardiovascular risk has been described, as we shall see below [77, 78], whereas any protective effect on mammary cancer and endometrial cancer may be linked to the dosage [79],... 

Most authors support the view that the beneficial effects of soy are primarily due to isoflavones and are mediated by many mechanisms [123], On the other hand, the mechanisms associated with soy s beneficial effects on cardiovascular health are not fully understood and, it remains unclear which components of soy protein contribute to its protective effects. It is possible that soy substances other than isoflavones, such as saponins, phytic acid, or a protein-isoflavone interaction, among others, may be involved in the multifarious process. 

Sacks, F.M. A. Lichtenstein L. Van Horn W. Harris P. Kris-Etherton M. Winston. Soy protein, isoflavones, and cardiovascular health an American Heart Association science advisory for professionals from the nutrition committee. Circulation 2006, 113, 1034—1044. 

Nestel, P. Isoflavones their effect on cardiovascular risk and functions. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 2003, 14, 3-8. 

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