Isoflavones, soybean

ISHIMI Y, MIYAURA 0, OHMURA M, ONOE Y, SATO T, UCHIYAMA Y, ITO M, WANG X, SUDA T and IKEGAMI s (1999) Selective effects of genistein, a soybean isoflavone, on B-lymphopoiesis and bone loss caused by estrogen deficiency. Endocrinol 140, 1893-1900. 

ISHIMI A, YOSHIDA M, MAKIMOTO S, WU J, CHIBA H, WANG X, TAKEDA K and MIYAURA C (2002) Genistein, a soybean isoflavone, affects bone marrow lymphopoiesis and prevents bone loss in castrated male. Bone 31, 180-185. 

MESSINA M, GUGGER E T and ALEKEL D L (2001) Soy protein, soybean isoflavones, and bone health a review of the animal and human data. In Wildman REC, Handbook of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Boca Raton, CRC Press EEC, 77-98. 

PICHERIT C, BENNETAU-PELISSERO C, CHANTERANNE B, LEBECQUE P, DAVICCO M-J, BARLET J-P and COXAM V (2001a) Soybean isoflavones dose-dependently reduce bone turnover but do not reverse estabhshed osteopenia in adult ovariectomized rats. JNutr 13 E 723-728. 

UESUGi T, FUKUi Y and YAMORi Y (2002) Beneficial effects of soybean isoflavone snpplementation on bone metabolism and serum lipids in postmenopausal Japanese women a four-week study. JAm Coll Nutr 21, 97-102. 

WATANABE S, YAMAGUCHI M, SOBUE T, TAKAHASHI T, MIURA T, ARAI Y, MAZUR W, WAHALA K, and ADLERCREUTZ H (1998) Pharmacokinetics of soybean isoflavones in plasma, urine and feces of men after ingestion of 60g baked soybean powder (Kinako). J Nutr 128, 1710-15. 

XU X, HARRIS K s, WANG H J, MURPHY p A and HENDRicH s (1995) Bioavailability of soybean isoflavones depends upon gut microflora in women. J Nutr 125, 2307-15. 

WEI H, CAO Q AND RAHN R o (1996) Inhibition of UV light- and Fenton reaction-induced oxidative DNA damage by the soybean isoflavone genistein. Carcinogenesis. 17 (1) 73-7. 

The phytoestrogens (isoflavones) contain a flavone nucleus. Examples of isoflavones are genistein, formononetin and coumestrol, all with potent estrogenic activity. Soybean isoflavones are a concern in human nutrition because of their estrogenic benefits. 

Anthony MS, Clarkson TB, Hughs CL Jr, Morgan TM, Burke GL. Soybean isoflavones improve cardiovascular risk factors without affecting the reproductive system of peripubertal rhesus monkeys. J. Nutr. 126, 43-50, 1996. 

Intestinal microflora plays a key role in the metabolism and bioavailibility of isoflavones [86]. After ingestion, soybean isoflavones are hydrolyzed by intestinal glucosidases, which release the aglycones, daidzein and genistein, Fig. (16). 

Fig. (16). Metabolic fate of soybean isoflavones in humans (Setchell 1999)...

Tew BY, Xu X, Wang HJ, Murphy PA, Hendrich S. 1996. A diet high in wheat fiber decreases the bioavailability of soybean isoflavones in a single meal fed to women. J Nutr 126 871-877. 

Zubik L, Meydani M. 2003. Bioavailability of soybean isoflavones from aglycone and glucoside forms in American women. Am J Clin Nutr 77 1459-1465. 

Meng, Q.H. Lewis, P. Wahala, W. Adlercreutz, H. Tikkanen, M.J. 1999. Incorporation of esterified soybean isoflavones with antioxidant activity into low density lipoprotein. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1438 369 376. 

Soybeans Isoflavones 70% ethanol 3x7 min cycles, 100% flush volume, 300 s nitrogen purge, 100°C, lOMPa Rostagno et al., 2004... 

Eldridge, A.C. 1982b. High performance liquid chromatography separation of soybean isoflavones and their glycosides. J. Chromatogr. 234 494—496. 

Eldridge, A.C. and Kwolek, F. 1983. Soybean isoflavones effect of environment and variety on composition. J. Agric. Food Chem. 331 394-396. 

Molteni, A., Brizo Molteni, L., and Persky, V. 1995. In vitro hormonal effects of soybean isoflavones. J. Nutr. 125 751S-756S. 

Naim, M., Gestetner, B., Zilkah, S., Birk, Y., Bondi, A. 1974. Soybean isoflavones. Characterization, determination and antifungal activity. J. Agric. Food Chem. 22 806-810. 

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