Internal funds

The soil samples were obtained and analyzed on EPA Contract No. 68-01-5915, Task 42, D. T. Heggem, Task Manager. Pattern recognition work was funded by a Midwest Research Institute internal fund, RA-321. 

Internal funding originates in your home institution proposals are evaluated by anonymous internal reviewers. 

Internal funds Capital available from depreciation and accumulated retained earnings. 

Giovannucci, D. 2005. Organic Agriculture and Poverty Reduction in Asia China and India Focus. Thematic Evaluation. International Fund for Agricultural Development, Rome. 

Nechaev A. A. (1997). Methodology for predicting economic structure by means of interbranch comparisons. In Yu.V. Yakovets (ed.), Forecast Theory and Future of Russia. N.D. Kondratyev s International Fund, Moscow, pp. 58-67 [in Russian]. 

Italia Fundacion PROINPA, La Paz, Bolivia International Fund for Agricultural Development, Roma, Italia. 

The response from university scientists was also slow and generally ineffective, hampered by institutional structures and the absence of open-access databases on ecosystems and marine resources (Freire et al. 2006). However, international environmental pressure groups including Greenpeace, Friends of the Earth (FOE), World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and the International Fund for... 

This work was supported by the National Seienee Foundation under grant CHE-0321288 and by SRI International internal funds. The authors thank Dr. Jeffrey Bottaro for... 

By 1992 the major chemicals-producing countries had similar environmental legislation, and international trade in hazardous waste was subject to regulation (e.g. the Basel Convention). While organisations such as the World Bank tried to ensure that internationally funded projects were based on sound environmental impact assessments, increased globalisation had increased the power of industry relative to the state, and the depressed state of many Third World economies encouraged individual countries to adopt short-term policies at the expense of the environment. 

Established pharmaceutical firms do fired almost all of their investment needs, not just R D, with internal cash flows from current operations (285). Internal funds may carry a lower cost of capital for complex investments like R D, because outside investors are at a disadvantage in being able to assess the potential returns on R D projects and will therefore demand a higher expected return on their money to cover the risk of being misled by company managers (170,189). The more complex the R D, the more these information disparities are likely to raise the cost of external sources of capital. 

A higher cost of external capital than of internal funds would explain companies clear preference for internally generated cash flows when they have access to them. If the effective cost of capital is lower for firms that have high cash flows, more R D projects would pass the present value test and be undertaken. Thus, the availability of internally generated funds may increase the amount of R D that is performed over what the R D levels would be if all such funds had to be raised in external capital markets. 

Of the total, US 1.4 billion were health costs (e.g., sore eyes, skin rashes), affecting around 70 million people in three countries (Schweithelm, 1999). Timber losses account for US 493 million. In agriculture (plantation and smallholdings), the cost is US 470.4 millions. Other costs are related to direct forest benefits, i.e., raw materials and food benefits, indirect forest benefits related to hydrology and soil conservation, and losses of international funding of biodiversity conservation. 

Brussels Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage (1971) and parallel financial structures, such as TOVALOP (Tankers Owners Voluntary Agreement Concerning Liability for Oil Pollution), CHRISTAL (Contract Regarding Interim Supplement to Tanker Liability for Oil Pollution), and OPOL (The Offshore Pollution Liability Agreement). 

Evolutionary improvements and modifications were made to existing TMI materials specifications, fabrication methods, and cell dimensions to accommodate this design. Minor modifications of standard TMI fabrication procedures were sufficient to produce thicker fuel + oxygen electrodes. Larger diameter, thicker seals were made using methods from internally funded programs. Fifty-percent thinner electrolytes were procured and used in some of the trials. 

Supported by the NIH, NINDS, Neural Prostheses Program, grant no. 2 R44 NS36913-02. Supported also by Neural Signals Inc. internal funds. 

However, for a variety of technical reasons investors may prefer bond positions rather than CDS. These include a voice in bankruptcy proceedings, liquidity, internal funding costs, recovery assumptions, and others. 

We thank Dr. Gordon Erlebacher, Jim Rustad, and Geoffrey C. Fox concerning computational environments. Support for this work has come from the Polish Committee for Scientific Research (KBN) project 4T11F02022, the Complex Fluid Program of U.S. Department of Energy and from AGH Institute of Computer Science internal funds. 

Authors thank Bogazici University Research Fund for supporting the Project (08HN201) titled "Ex-Post Efficiency Analysis of European and Internationally Funded Projects". 

International Fund for Agricultural Development http //www.ifed.org... 

---