Brussels Convention

Brussels Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage (1971) and parallel financial structures, such as TOVALOP (Tankers Owners Voluntary Agreement Concerning Liability for Oil Pollution), CHRISTAL (Contract Regarding Interim Supplement to Tanker Liability for Oil Pollution), and OPOL (The Offshore Pollution Liability Agreement). 

A good summary of the comprehensiveness of current international nuclear liability arrangements is that out of the approximately 380 reactors existing worldwide, only about 120 are covered by the provisions of the Paris and Brussels Conventions and only three, of which but one is in Europe, by the Vienna Convention. These figures probably illustrate better than any others the inadequacy of current arrangements. 

In 1883, in order to facilitate the transfer of technology, a large number of states created the Paris Convention, an international convention. The Paris Convention, established major basic rules concerning industrial property and was a remarkable piece of legislation for its time. The Convention was revised in subsequent international conferences in Brussels in 1900, Washington in 1911, The Hague in 1925, London in 1934, Lisbon in 1958, and Stockholm in 1967. The main provisions which apply between the member countries are now ... 

In more recent times, following an initiative by Czar Alexander II of Russia, the delegates of 15 European States met in Brussels on 27 July 1874. The conference adopted the Brussels Declaration of 1874 which included the following provision Art. 13. According to this principle are especially forbidden (a) Employment of poison or poisoned weapons... (e) The employment of arms, projectiles or material calculated to cause unnecessary suffering . However, this declaration was not accepted by all of the governments as a binding convention and it was therefore not ratified. 

Attempts to outlaw the use of chemical weapons have been made for more than a century. The Brussels Declaration of 1874 prohibited the use of poisons and poisoned bullets during warfare, and signatories of the Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 additionally agreed... 

The only type of risk that is unique to nuclear power is the risk of a catastrophe such as the Chernobyl disaster of 1996. The potential third-party liability of such events is so high that such risks are uninsurable in normal markets. The US introduced government insurance of nuclear plants with the Price-Anderson Act of 1957 (Rothwell, 2002). In the UK, nuclear operators liability is capped under the provision of the Nuclear Installations Act 1965 and the Energy Act 1983, which implement the international convention on third-party liability signed in Paris in 1960 and Brussels in 1966 (OECD, 2003). 

Brussels European Brewery Convention and Fachverlag Hans Carl. 

Olaofsson K, Manufacturing analysis of wet filament winding, 2nd International Convention for Filament Winding Technology, Brussels, Oct 17-19, 2001. 

Bouteillet-Paquet, D. (2002) Subsidiary Protectiorr Progress or Set-Back of Asylum Law in Europe A Critical /Analysis of the Legislation of the Member States of the European Union. Pp. 211-64 in D. Bouteillet-Paquet (ed.). Subsidiary Protection of Refugees in the European Union ComfAementing the Geneva Convention Brussels Bruylant... 

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