Indirect test for

There are two principal ways to obtain experimental test results from the statistical polymer method the comparison of the predicted weight distribution and other parameters of polymeric systems with these measured for classical polymers (direct test) and the comparison of predicted structural characteristics with these found from adsorption/desorption and other measurements (indirect test). For gels, the indirect test has many advantages, while the interpretation of experimental data is not always easy, e.g., chemisorption is sometimes mixed to physisorption. 

Phenol red (= phenolsulfonphthalein) excretion is an indirect test for uricosuric activity. After intravenous injection phenol red is mainly eliminated by active secretion in the proximal tubulus of the kidney. Treatment with uricosuric agents decreases the secretory activity of tubulus cells resulting in a delayed excretion of phenol red. Plasma values of phenol red are increased in treated animals as compared to controls. 

This book describes the results/conclusions of a number of laboratory and field bioassays (i.e., experiments) each with its own set of underlying hypotheses. Because this book is a retrospective analysis it is impossible to list all the hypotheses that have been directly or indirectly tested for each reference cited. In fact, even if I wanted to it would not be possible since specific hypotheses are frequently not even stated in the plant-plant allelopathic literature. Let me suggest some reasons for that ... 

Since this transformation proceeds rapidly and with small amounts, the proof of the production of iodic acid may serve as the basis of an indirect test for organically bound iodine. 

In this technique, the electrochemical signal serves to both amplify and accelerate a specific corrosion mechanism, i.e., intergranular corrosion (IC). Since that mechanism is often a precursor for the more catastrophic see, the same testing technique has been applied to the characterization of the susceptibility of aluminum alloys to See. For many industries, indirect testing for le has replaced carrying out expensive tests for the characterization of aluminum alloys susceptibility to see. The following list summarizes the empirical correlation between le and See reflecting industrial experience ... 

Mechanical Properties. Mechanical properties (4,6,55) are important for a number of steps in coal preparation from mining through handling, cmshing, and grinding. The properties include elasticity and strength as measured by standard laboratory tests and empirical tests for grindabiUty and friabihty, and indirect measurements based on particle size distributions. 

There have been a number of cell designs tested for this reaction. Undivided cells using sodium bromide electrolyte have been tried (see, for example. Ref. 29). These have had electrode shapes for in-ceU propylene absorption into the electrolyte. The chief advantages of the electrochemical route to propylene oxide are elimination of the need for chlorine and lime, as well as avoidance of calcium chloride disposal (see Calcium compounds, calcium CHLORIDE Lime and limestone). An indirect electrochemical approach meeting these same objectives employs the chlorine produced at the anode of a membrane cell for preparing the propylene chlorohydrin external to the electrolysis system. The caustic made at the cathode is used to convert the chlorohydrin to propylene oxide, reforming a NaCl solution which is recycled. Attractive economics are claimed for this combined chlor-alkali electrolysis and propylene oxide manufacture (135). 

Positive basophil activation tests were reported in patients with immediate RCM hypersensitivity reactions, which may be regarded as another indirect indication for an IgE-mediated allergy [35]. 

No studies were located regarding the toxicokinetics of di-/ -octylphthalate in humans or animals following inhalation or dermal exposure. Information on the toxicokinetics of 6i-n-octylphthalate in humans following oral exposure is not available. There are studies that provide indirect evidence for the oral absorption of di- -octylphthalate in animals (Albro and Moore 1974 Oishi 1990 Poon et al. 1995) however, quantitative information is lacking on the rate and extent of absorption following oral exposure to di- -octylphthalate. Information on the distribution of di-w-octylphthalate is limited to oral studies in rats by Oishi (1990), which reported the identification of mono- -octy lphthalate in blood and testes within 1-24 hours (plasma peak at 3 hours, testes peak at 6 hours) after dosing, and by Poon et al. (1995), which reported di- -octylphthalate... 

Indirect evidence for hypothalamic CRF hypersecretion comes from CRF stimulation test studies in which patients with depression typically show blunted ACTH responses, likely reflecting, in part, down-regulation of pituitary CRF receptors. These findings are similar to the reduction of pituitary CRF receptors in maternally... 

Oxygen-containing impurities such as phenols and naphthenic acids can adversely affect water separation properties and initiate gum formation. No limit presently exists to control the amount of oxidized organic compounds found in jet fuel. However, tests for existent gums, neutralization number, and water separation indirectly limit the presence of oxygenated materials in jet fuel. 

Testing for poolability requires fitting the regression model with indirect variables to the assay data and testing four possible hypotheses. Table 23 shows the hypotheses to be tested, the corresponding interpretation to whether or not the hypothesis is accepted or rejected, the code of the model, and the model established by the FDA [8,11]. In Table 23 the letters A and R represent whether the considered hypotheses are accepted or rejected, respectively. 

Elliott and Emmons (1971) described a passive indirect hemagglutination test, and a corresponding inhibition test for measuring residual chymosin in cheese. They also produced high titer antisera for E. parasitica protease and M. pusillus protease, and suggested that these enzymes could also by quantitatively detected in cheese. 

---