Oxidation organic compounds

Heteropolyacids (HPA) are the unique class of inorganic complexes. They are widely used in different areas of science in biochemistry for the precipitation of albumens and alkaloids, in medicine as anticarcinogenic agents, in industry as catalysts. HPA are well known analytical reagents for determination of phosphoms, silica and arsenic, nitrogen-containing organic compounds, oxidants and reductants in solution etc. 

Chemoheterotrophs Organic compounds Oxidation-reduction reactions Organic compounds, e.g., glucose All animals, most microorganisms, nonphotosynthetic plant tissue such as roots, photosynthetic cells in the dark... 

Oxidation of organic compounds by dioxygen is a phenomenon of exceptional importance in nature, technology, and life. The liquid-phase oxidation of hydrocarbons forms the basis of several efficient technological synthetic processes such as the production of phenol via cumene oxidation, cyclohexanone from cyclohexane, styrene oxide from ethylbenzene, etc. The intensive development of oxidative petrochemical processes was observed in 1950-1970. Free radicals participate in the oxidation of organic compounds. Oxidation occurs very often as a chain reaction. Hydroperoxides are formed as intermediates and accelerate oxidation. The chemistry of the liquid-phase oxidation of organic compounds is closely interwoven with free radical chemistry, chemistry of peroxides, kinetics of chain reactions, and polymer chemistry. 

Chemistry and Kinetics of Organic Compounds Oxidation by Dioxygen... 

The same structure was proposed later by Hock and Schrader [40]. It became clear only in 1939 when Criegee et al. [41] proved that peroxide formed by cyclohexene oxidation has the structure of hydroperoxide. Later studies, performed by Farmer and Sutton [42], greatly extended the number of hydroperoxides as products of olefin oxidation. Beginning from the later part of the 20th century, the chain theory of organic compound oxidation became the theoretical ground for the experimental study in this field. The main events of the development of oxidation chemistry before the chain theory of oxidation are presented in Table 1.1. 

The peroxide theory of Bach [20] and Engler [23] fixed the phenomenon of peroxide formation as the primary product of hydrocarbon oxidation by dioxygen. However, the problem of the mechanism of peroxide formation remained unsolved. The new stage of successful study of organic compound oxidation began after the discovery of free radicals as active intermediates of many chemical processes. 

Uses Laboratory reagent for detecting double bonds in organic compounds oxidizer in rocket propellants monopropellant increase octane rating for diesel fuel. 

Production of phenol and acetone is based on liquid-phase oxidation of isopropylbenzene. Synthetic fatty acids and fatty alcohols for producing surfactants, terephthalic, adipic, and acetic acids used in producing synthetic and artificial fibers, a variety of solvents for the petroleum and coatings industries—these and other important products are obtained by liquid-phase oxidation of organic compounds. Oxidation processes comprise many parallel and sequential macroscopic and unit (or very simple) stages. The active centers in oxidative chain reactions are various free radicals, differing in structure and in reactivity, so that the nomenclature of these labile particles is constantly changing as oxidation processes are clarified by the appearance in the reaction zone of products which are also involved in the complex mechanism of these chemical conversions. 

With PAH as well as other organic compounds, oxidation reactions, including reactions with 03 and NO , may be significant in altering recoveries (e.g., reference 69) of specific compounds. Chemical reactivity of carbona-... 

Heterotroph Oxidation of organic compounds Oxidation of organic compounds Organic compounds All higher animals, most microorganisms, nonphotosynthetic plant cells... 

Transition metal nanoparticles supported on different substrates are used as catalysts for different reactions, such as hydrogenations and enantioselective-synthesis of organic compounds, oxidations and epoxidations, reduction, and decomposition [24,25], Among the supports that have been applied in the preparation of supported transition metal nanoparticles are active carbon, silica, titanium dioxide, and alumina. 

As no consensus has been yet driven among the scientific community regarding N2O comburant behaviour under high pressure, in relation with explosions possibly linked to organic compounds oxidation by supercritical N2O, we recommend to use N2O with extreme case when contacted with flammable products. 

Many methods have been evolved for oxidizing organic compounds. Oxidation may be brought about by ... 

Kwan, W. P. Voelker, B. M. Rates of Hydroxyl Radical Generation and Organic Compound Oxidation in Mineral-Catalyzed Fenton-like Systems, Environ. Sci. Technol. 2003, 37, 1150-1158. 

Oxidation (Sections 4.14A, 12.1) A process that results in a loss of electrons. For organic compounds, oxidation results in an increase in the number of C —Z bonds or a decrease in the number of C—H bonds Z = an element more electronegative than carbon. 

Large-scale applications might also be possible as indicated by Bishop et al. [16] using a honeycomb dead-end type microfiltration membrane structure with a relatively large surface eirea to volume ratio of 155 ft /ft. Particulates are filtered from air streams and the filter cake can be easily removed by gas back-pulsing. The system can be loaded with catalysts and is said to be suitable for NO reductions and VOC (volatile organic compounds) oxidation with efficiencies of >95% and >99% respectively. 

A. N. Volkova, A.A. Malygin, S.I. Koltsov, V.B.Aleskovskii, Method of Preparation of Vanadium Oxide Catalyst for Organic Compounds Oxidation, USSR Patent No. 42447 (1976). 

Emanuel N.M., Zaikov G.E., Maizus Z.K. The role of medium in radical-chain reactions of organic compounds oxidation. //M Nauka, 1973, 279 P. 

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