Immunization studies

Liposome-Based DNA/Protein Vaccines Procedures for Entrapment and Immunization Studies... 

In two separate immunization studies, the liposome-based codelivery approach (i.e., liposomes coentrapping plasmid DNA and the protein encoded by the DNA) was tested in female Balb/c mice in groups of four to six... 

Frank, R. G., C. Dewa, E. Holt, et al. 1995. The Demand for Childhood Immunizations Results from the Baltimore Immunization Study. Inquiry 32(2) 164-173. 

Other researchers dispute evidence of the harmful effects of THC on the immune system. They take issue with the design of these immune studies, pointing out that the animals studied... 

Knutsen AP, Roodman ST, Evans RG, et al. 1987. Immune studies in dioxin-exposed Missouri residents Quail Run. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 39 481-489. 

In vivo antigen release from nanoparticles (at SQ and OR immunizations) was designed to take place for several days to weeks. However, rigorous experiments to show that no booster immunization is necessary have not been conducted. The most significant finding of the immunization study was the fact that only nanoparticulate PDA-cross-linked antigen was active in oral applications, in spite of relatively low PDA/OVA ratio used (0.021). 

Tafaghodi, M., Jaafari, M.-R., and Abolghasem, S., and Tabassi, S. (2006), Nasal immunization studies using liposomes loaded with tetanus toxoid and CpG-ODN, Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm., 64,138-145. 

Ivins, B.I., Ezzell, J.W., Jr., Jemski, J., Hedlund, K.W., Ristroph, J.D., Leppla, S.H. (1986). Immunization studies with attenuated strains of Bacillus anthracis. Infect. Immun. 52 454-8. 

Where animals are used, mice and rats are the preferred models. Other species used are hamsters, guinea pigs and rabbits. These animals are bred in a specially controlled environment, under specific pathogen-free conditions, to ensure that they do not carry infections or pathogens before being used in various tests. Different breeds or strains of animals are used, for example, BALB/c mice are used for immunity studies and Fischer - 344 mice for carcinoma evaluation. Nude mice (in addition to the nude gene, which results in the absence of thymus and T-cell function) have two other... 

Stmctural characterization of plant-derived hepatitis B surface antigen employed in oral immunization studies. Vaccine, 2003 ... 

Cellular immune studies before and after infusion are shown in Table 2. Prior to therapy the absolute number of T cells (ATC) averaged 232 (normal >720), while the lymphocyte response to PHA was 4% of normal and to alloantigen (MLR) was 25% of normal. 

Clinically, the patient subjectively felt better within 2 weeks of the infusion and by several criterion including appetite, weight gain, endurance and pulmonary symptoms, she remained improved until 4 months post infusion when she developed pneumonia. Immune studies showed a return to pre-infusion levels coincident with clinical deterioration, both of which have persisted for 6 additional months. 

Jagadessan, V., Rukmini, C., Vijayaraghavan, H., and Tulpule, P. (1982). Immune studies with T-2 toxin effect of feeding and withdrawal in monkeys. Food Chem. Toxicol. 20, 83-87. Jarvis, 8.8. and Mazzola, E.P. (1982). Macrocyclic and other novel trichothecenes their structure, synthesis, and biological significance. Accounts Chemical Research. 15, 388-395. 

Schlesinger, L., Ohlbaum, A., Grez, L., Stekel. A. (1977) Cell mediated immune studies in marasmic children from Chile delayed hypersensitivity, Ijrmphocyte transformation and interferon production, i "Malnutrition and the Immune Response" R. M. Suskind, ed., Raven Press, N.Y. 

Ross AC, Zhao Z, Arora D, Pasatiempo AMG, Kinoshita M, Gardner EM, Sri Kantha S, Taylor CE (1994) Retinoids in specific and nonspecific immunity studies on antibody production and natural killer cells. In MA Livrea, G Vidali (eds) Retinoids from basic science to clinical applications. Birkhauser, Basel, 197-213... 

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