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Storage, hydrogen

Hydrogen storage is a formidable problem being worked on by chemists and engineers. We will discuss this in more detail in Chapter 11. [Pg.157]

The mass of the tanks needed for compressed hydrogen reduces the fuel economy of the vehicle. Because it is a small, energetic molecule, hydrogen tends to diffuse through any liner material intended to contain it, leading to the embrittlement, or weakening, of its container. Special provisions are therefore required. [Pg.330]

It is interesting to note that the most common method of onboard hydrogen storage in today s demonstration vehicles is as a compressed gas at pressures of roughly 700 bar. [Pg.331]

Nevertheless, higher-energy efficiency is attainable with systems in which hydrogen is concentrated by physical adsorption, above 70K, using an appropriate adsorbent [147], [Pg.321]

Metal doping is another efficient method for enhancing the hydrogen storage capacities due to the significant improvement of binding energy. Cao [Pg.145]

By introducing undulated macrocyclic cyclotricatechylene (CTC) into 2D COFs, Zheng and co-workers found that the storage capacity of Ha can be increased. The obtained CTC-COF shows a higher Ha uptake of 1.12 wt% at 1.05 bar than those of similar 2D COFs, and even close to those of 3D COFs. Mendoza-Cortes et al. found theoretically that the total Ha uptake of COF-301-PdCla reaches 60 g L at 100 bar, which is much higher than the DOE 2015 target (40 g L ).  [Pg.147]

Besides high efficiency, fuel cell driven engines offer noiseless and clean operation. Nitrogen oxides, the only pollutants emitted by hydrogen 1C engines, are not produced by a fuel cell. Fuel cells have been effectively used in space programs where they [Pg.28]

UN General Assembly document (1987) A/42/427 Campbell CJ (1997) The Coming Oil Crisis. Multi-Science Publishing Company Petroconsultants S.A., Essex, United Kingdom [Pg.31]

Arrhenius S (1896) On the influence of carbonic acid in the air upon the temperature of the ground. Philosophical Magazine 41 237-276 [Pg.31]

Wong CSC, Duzgoren-Aydin NS, Aydin A, Wong MH (2006) Sources and trends of environmental mercury emissions in Asia. Science of the Total Environment 368 649-662 [Pg.32]

Wang Y (2006) A 2000-year record of mercury and ancient civilizations in seal hairs from King George Island, West Antarctica. Science of the Total Environment 368 236-247 [Pg.32]

Two interesting fields of technology are related to the hydrogen-evolution reaction. These are the storage of hydrogen in the form of a solid, either as a hydride or as hydrogen dissolved in the metal, and hydrogen embrittlement. [Pg.102]

Hydrogen could be stored in palladium as PdHo.6 at low pressure, and be easily retrieved from it, but this is not practical because its effective equivalent weight in this medium is 177, and the price of palladium is too high. [Pg.102]

An alloy of iron with titanium can absorb and release hydrogen reversibly. With a composition of Ti Fe Hi.g at maximum loading, this has an effective [Pg.102]

1) This pressure is often used in the literature because it is equal to 10 000 psi, which is a nice round number. Moreover, it is probably the highest pressure that could be used in transportation with presently available high-strength materials. [Pg.102]

It should be noted that the numbers given above for total weight per unit weight of hydrogen (namely the effective equivalent weight) do not tell the whole story. Even if hydrogen is stored chemically in the manner discussed above, it still must be kept in a suitable container and heat exchangers must be provided to remove the [Pg.103]

AB5 alloys are intermetallic compounds with hexagonal crystalline lattice. Constituting compounds are inter alia rare earth metals. These compounds are capable to form hydrides as the dissolve hydrogen. [Pg.242]

AB5 metal hydride particles have been dispersed in a polymer matrix in order to entrap the micro and nanoparticles produced by repeated fragmentation processes of the metal phase during the [Pg.242]

It was shown that the AB5/ABS composite tolerated the hydrogenation effects on metal particles, with no losses in hydrogenation kinetics. The results indicated that the compositions are suitable for metal hydride based hydrogen storage devices. [Pg.243]

Technical and economical targets have been established by the US Department of Energy (US DOE) in collaboration with car manufacturers and are summarised in Table 11.1. It should be mentioned that there may be variations regarding the assessment of specific targets between car manufacturers from Europe, the USA and Japan. [Pg.309]

The Hydrogen Economy Opportunities and Challenges, ed. Michael Ball and Martin Wietschel. Published by Cambridge University Press. Cambridge University Press 2009. [Pg.309]

System gravimetric capacity usable energy density from H2 (net useful energy/max system mass) kWh/kg (kg H2/kg system) 1.5 (0.045) 2 (0.06) 3 (0.09) [Pg.310]

Maximum delivery pressure Charging and discharging rates atm (abs) 100 100 100 [Pg.310]

298 K by the forcible pressure swing adsorption method (ca. 13 MPa). The adsorbed methane molecules are located in the pocket-like narrow corners of the necks of the ID channel [20]. Because the thermal motion of the pseudo-spherical methane molecules seems to be effectively suppressed in its translation mode but rotation is allowed, the forcible adsorption of methane gas produces an inclusion plastic crystal [20], which can be regarded as a mesophase between the fluid and solid state of the phase of a guest incorporated in a crystal host the guest molecules are randomly oriented, but their alignment follows the crystal periodicity. [Pg.331]

Phase Transition of the Adsorbed Guest Sublattice in the Gas Inclusion Co-crystal State [23] [Pg.332]

For a typical effluent from a water-gas shift reactor, the CO2 content is in the 20-25% range. Thus, about 75% of the bed is activated carbon. The remaining bed of 5A zeolite adsorbs mainly CO and CH4. [Pg.305]

Carbon nanotubes are the sorbents that are currently receiving the most attention. Hydrogen storage in carbon nanombes is a rapidly evolving area, and also a [Pg.305]


Hydrogen separation Hydrogen storage Hydrogen-storage alloys Hydrogen sulfide... [Pg.493]

Hydrogen-storage alloys (18,19) are commercially available from several companies in the United States, Japan, and Europe. A commercial use has been developed in rechargeable nickel—metal hydride batteries which are superior to nickel—cadmium batteries by virtue of improved capacity and elimination of the toxic metal cadmium (see BATTERIES, SECONDARYCELLS-ALKALINe). Other uses are expected to develop in nonpolluting internal combustion engines and fuel cells (qv), heat pumps and refrigerators, and electric utility peak-load shaving. [Pg.300]

D. M. Cavagnaro, Hydrogen Storage, Pt. 2 Hydrogen as a Hydride, NTIS, Springfield, Va., 1978. A bibHography with abstracts. [Pg.306]

One of the principal advantages of hydrides for hydrogen storage is safety (25). As part of a study to determine the safety of the iron—titanium—manganese metal hydride storage system, tests were conducted in conjunction with the U.S. Army (26). These tests simulated the worst possible conditions resulting from a serious coUision and demonstrated that the metal hydride vessels do not explode. [Pg.455]

R. J. Teitel, "Experimental Studies on Microcavity Hydrogen Storage," IrdMiami International Conference on Alternative Energy Sources, Miami Beach, Ha., 1980. [Pg.462]

R. L. WooUey and H. M. Simmons, "Hydrogen Storage in Vehicles—An Operational Comparison of Alternative Prototypes," Society of Automotive Engineers FuelandEubricantsMeeting St. Louis, Mo., 1976. [Pg.462]

H. W. Newkirk, Hydrogen Storage by Binay and Temay Intermetallicsfor Tnergy Applications—A Keview, Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, 1976. [Pg.463]

Intermetallic compounds of zirconium with kon, cobalt, and manganese absorb and desorb considerable amounts of hydrogen, up to ZrMri2 [68417-38-9] (128) and ZrV2H 2 [63440-37-9] (129). These and other zirconium intermetallic compounds are being extensively studied for possible hydrogen storage appHcations (130). [Pg.433]

CaNi5, H2, MeOH, H20. The catalyst is a hydrogen storage alloy and is partially consumed by the reaction of Ca with water or methanol. [Pg.533]

James, B. D. Baum, G. N. Lomax, F. D. Thomas, C. E. Kuhn, I. F. (1996). Comparison of Onboard Hydrogen Storage for Fuel Cell Vehicles. Washington, DC United States Department ofEnergy. [Pg.659]

A relatively simple set of rules have been found to hold for all intermetallic hydrides useful for hydrogen storage [11]. They may be stated as follows ... [Pg.212]

J. J. Reilly, R. H. Wiswall, Jr., Hydrogen Storage and Purification Systems, US Atomic Energy Commission, BNL—17136, Brookhaven National Laboratoru, Upton, NY 11973, August 1972. [Pg.229]

Hydrogen storage in a metal lattice Production of acetylene from CaC2... [Pg.419]

Titanium Nitride Nanoparticies in Hydrogen Storage Applications 285... [Pg.285]


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Adsorption, nanoporous materials hydrogen storage

Alanates as hydrogen storage materials

Alloys hydrogen storage

Ammonia, hydrogen storage

Applications of nanotextured carbons for supercapacitors and hydrogen storage

Automobile hydrogen storage

Basic Hydrogen Storage Technologies

Beryllium hydride, hydrogen storage

Borohydrides as hydrogen storage materials

Borohydrides, hydrogen storage

Carbon hydrates, hydrogen storag

Carbon materials, hydrogen storag

Carbon nanofibers , hydrogen storage

Carbon nanofibers , hydrogen storage properties

Carbon nanostructures and hydrogen storage

Carbon nanostructures for hydrogen storage

Carbon nanotubes for hydrogen storage

Carbon nanotubes hydrogen storage

Chemical hydrogen storage

Clathrate hydrates hydrogen storage

Clathrate hydrates hydrogen storage applications

Compressed hydrogen storage

Costs hydrogen storage methods

Device hydrogen storage

Diborane, hydrogen storage

Electronic structures hydrogen storage alloys

Fuel cell systems hydrogen storage

Fuel tank, hydrogen storage

Future of Hydrogen Storage

Hydrocarbons, hydrogen storage

Hydrofluoric acid, hydrogen storage

Hydrogen Distribution and Storage

Hydrogen Storage Characteristics of Commercial Mg and MgH

Hydrogen Storage Characteristics of Mechanically (Ball) Milled MgH

Hydrogen Storage Tank Size

Hydrogen Storage and Separation

Hydrogen Storage by MOFs

Hydrogen Storage in Carbon-Based Adsorbents

Hydrogen Storage in High Compressed Gas Form

Hydrogen Storage in Liquid Cryogenic Form

Hydrogen Storage in Mesoporous Molecular Sieves and Pillared Clays

Hydrogen Storage in Molecular Form

Hydrogen Storage in Silica

Hydrogen Storage in Solid Materials

Hydrogen Storage on Road Vehicles

Hydrogen Storage with Carbon Structures

Hydrogen Storage with Metal Hydrides

Hydrogen adsorption and storage

Hydrogen adsorption, storage

Hydrogen bulk liquid storage systems

Hydrogen carbon storage

Hydrogen cylinders/storage tanks

Hydrogen fuel storage for automobiles

Hydrogen gaseous storage

Hydrogen generation in transuranic waste storage containers

Hydrogen hybrid storage

Hydrogen liquid fuel storage

Hydrogen reversible storage

Hydrogen small-scale storage

Hydrogen storage activated carbons

Hydrogen storage alloy structure

Hydrogen storage ammonia borane

Hydrogen storage and supply by organic hydrides

Hydrogen storage and transportation

Hydrogen storage applications

Hydrogen storage capability

Hydrogen storage capacity

Hydrogen storage carbon adsorbents

Hydrogen storage carbon-based materials

Hydrogen storage chemical hydrides

Hydrogen storage chemical reactions

Hydrogen storage clathrates

Hydrogen storage complex hydride

Hydrogen storage compounds

Hydrogen storage compounds bond order

Hydrogen storage compounds value

Hydrogen storage conventional metal hydrides

Hydrogen storage coordinatively unsaturated

Hydrogen storage costs

Hydrogen storage covalent hydride

Hydrogen storage direct

Hydrogen storage electrochemical

Hydrogen storage for fuel cell

Hydrogen storage graphene

Hydrogen storage history

Hydrogen storage hydrides

Hydrogen storage in carbon nanotubes

Hydrogen storage in renewable energy systems

Hydrogen storage in solids

Hydrogen storage in stationary applications and fuel stations

Hydrogen storage in zeolites

Hydrogen storage intermetallic compounds

Hydrogen storage interstitial hydride

Hydrogen storage ionic hydride

Hydrogen storage liquefied

Hydrogen storage materials

Hydrogen storage mechanism

Hydrogen storage medium

Hydrogen storage metal hydrides

Hydrogen storage metallic hydride

Hydrogen storage methods

Hydrogen storage options

Hydrogen storage physical sorption

Hydrogen storage physisorption

Hydrogen storage porous carbon materials

Hydrogen storage porous structure

Hydrogen storage properties

Hydrogen storage properties specific surface area

Hydrogen storage reservoirs

Hydrogen storage schemes

Hydrogen storage silicas

Hydrogen storage solid-state

Hydrogen storage specific surface area

Hydrogen storage targets

Hydrogen storage technology

Hydrogen storage templated carbons

Hydrogen storage thermodynamics

Hydrogen storage vessels

Hydrogen storage, Chapter

Hydrogen storage, Chapter hydrides,

Hydrogen storage, MOFs

Hydrogen storage, MOFs coordinatively unsaturated

Hydrogen storage, MOFs metal centers

Hydrogen storage, MOFs porous structure

Hydrogen storage, MOFs specific surface area

Hydrogen transport and storage

Hydrogen, energy conversion storage

Imides and amides as hydrogen storage materials

Indirect hydrogen storage

Indirect hydrogen storage in metal ammines

Intermetallics for hydrogen storage

Lightweight hydrogen storage material

Liquid hydrogen storage

Liquid hydrogen storage systems

Lithium hydride, hydrogen storage

Lithium nitride, hydrogen storage

Magnesium hydride for hydrogen storage

Magnesium hydride, hydrogen storage

Magnesium hydrogenation storage

Materials for Hydrogen Storage

Metal for hydrogen storage

Metal hydrogen storage

Metal organic frameworks hydrogen storage

Metal-organic framework materials for hydrogen storage

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs hydrogen storage

Methanol, hydrogen storage

Modelling of carbon-based materials for hydrogen storage

Molecular hydrogen storage

Multicomponent hydrogen storage systems

NaBH4 as a Hydrogen Storage Material in Solution

Nanotube hydrogen storage

Neutron scattering studies for analysing solid-state hydrogen storage

New Hydrogen Storage Materials

Nickel-hydrogen storage cell

On-board hydrogen storage

Organic liquid carriers for hydrogen storage

Overview of hydrogen storage options

PEMFC hydrogen storage device

Pore size distributions hydrogen storage

Predictions for hydrogen storage in carbon nanostructures coated with light transition metals

Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells hydrogen storage

Reliably measuring hydrogen uptake in storage materials

STORAGE AND TRANSPORT OF HYDROGEN

Saturation capacity, hydrogen storage

Small fuel cells hydrogen storage

Sodium hydride, hydrogen storage

Solid-state hydrogen storage system design

Some points about the storage of hydrogen

Storage of hydrogen

Storage vessels, liquid hydrogen

The Storage of Hydrogen as a Compressed Gas

Thermal properties of hydrogen storage materials

Thermodynamic properties of hydrogen storage materials

Transition hydrogen storage properties

Underground storage of hydrogen

Water, hydrogen storage

Zeolites, hydrogen storage

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