Hot spot detection

Ghosh, A. (2005) Arsenic Hot Spots Detected in the State of Bihar (India) a Serious Health Hazard for Estimated Human Population of 5.5 Lakhs. International Conference on Environmental Management, Hyderabad. 

Involve a statistician into the planning process for sites with highly toxic chemicals or with stratified contaminant distribution for the determination of background concentrations or for hot spot detection projects. 

Tibshiratti, R., and Wang, P. (2008). Spatial smoothing and hot spot detection for CGH data using the fused lasso. Biostatistics, 9 18—29. 

MOTeira IS, Martins JM, Ramos RR, Fernandes PA, Ramos MJ (2012) Computational alanine scanning mutagenesis a new method for hot-spot detection (Results to be published)... 

Bioassays can be used for cost-effective biomonitoring and rapid screening of environmental samples to detect the presence of mixtures of toxic chemicals and to identify hot spots. 

Recommendations Recommended for internal inspection of pressure vessels to use in addition to UT techniques, recognizing its limitation for advanced stages of HTHA and not finding microscopic stages of HTHA. Can be used to follow-up indications from other methods or at suspected hot spots where damage is suspected. Not recommended for general HTHA detection. May be useful for verification of shear wave UT indications. Recommended for internal inspection of pressure vessels to use in addition to UT MT techniques. Additional development work and field trials recommended. Not currendy recommended as a primary method for HTHA detection. 

Hot spots as large scale nonisothermalities, which can be detected and measured by optical pyrometers, fiber optic or IR pyrometers, i.e. these are macro scale hot zones. 

Hot spots as a temperature gradient between the metal particles and the support, which cannot be detected and measured because they are close to micro scale, i.e. they possess molecular dimensions, they are closed to selective heating of active sites. 

Radicals still less stable than the ones discussed thus far are proposed as reaction intermediates. Many of these have been prepared in the gas phase where they may be detected by the well-known mirror technique. When a stream of a carrier gas, such as hydrogen or nitrogen containing lead tetramethyl vapor, is passed over a hot spot in a quartz tube, lead from the decomposing lead tetramethyl forms a lead mirror at the hot spot. But if there is already a lead mirror not too far downstream from the hot spot, the downstream mirror disappears.44... 

It is not practical to stir all reaction systems, for example, bulk polymerizations, postpolymerization reactions, fixed-bed catalytic reactors, and plug-flow reactors. Although multipoint temperature sensing is often used as a key solution to determine a runaway in nonagitated vessels, the occurrence of hot spots may not always be detected. 

Detect both a localized hot spot and low level temperature increases along their entire length. 

Detecting evolutionary hot spots of antibiotic resistance in Europe Disc diffusion method Genes encoding dihydrofolate reductases confers resistance to trimethoprim... 

Detecting Evolutionary hot spots of Antibiotic Resistance in Europe (COST-DARE) (2011) Available from http //www.cost-dare.eu/30 Aug 2011... 

The infrared radiation caused by the heat of reaction of an enantioselective enzyme-catalyzed transformation can be detected by modern photovoltaic infrared (IT)-thermographic cameras equipped with focal-plane array detectors. Specifically, in the lipase-catalyzed enantioselective acylation of racemic 1-phenylethanol (20), the (K)- and (S)-substrates were allowed to react separately in the wells of microtiter plates, the (7 )-alcohol showing hot spots in the IR-thermographic images (113,114). Thus, enantioselective enzymes can be identified in kinetic resolution. However, quantification has not been achieved thus far by this method, which means that only those mutants can be identified which have E values larger than 100 (113-115). 

Thermotropic chiral LCs whose pitch vary strongly with temperature can be used as crude thermometers since the color of the material will change as the pitch is changed. LC color transitions are used on many aquarium and pool thermometers. Other LC materials change color when stretched or stressed. Thus, LC sheets are often used in industry to look for hot spots, map heat flow, measure stress distribution patterns, etc. The LC in fluid form is used to detect electrically generated hot spots for failure analysis in the semiconductor industry. LC memory units with extensive capacity were used in Space Shuttle navigation equipment. 

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