Hills

Smith, B. D., "Design of Equilibrium Stage Processes," McGraw-Hill, New York (1963). 

Douglas, J. M., Conceptual Design of Chemical Processes, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1988. 

Metcalf Eddy, revised by Tchobanoglous, G., and Burton, F. L., Wastewater Engineering Treatment, Disposal and Reuse, 3d ed., McGraw-Hill, 1991. 

In the United States For a complete list of books available from Penguin in the U.S., please write to Dept BA, Penguin, 299 Murray Hill Parkway, East Rutherford, New Jersey 07073... 

Nelson, W.L. (1958), Petroleum Refinery Engineering, 4th edition. Me Graw-Hill. 

Amyx, Bass Whiting, (1960), Petroleum Reservoir Engineering - Physical Properties, McGraw-Hill... 

P. M. Morse, K. U. Ingard, Theoretical Acoustics, (Me Graw-Hill Book Comp., 1968). 

PLONUS, MARTIN (A.), Applied electromagnetic. Me GRAW-HILL, New York, 1978. 

Plonus, Martin A applied electromagnetics, MEGRAN-HILL 1978... 

The HILL-SCAN boards contain the following subsystems ... 

HILL-SCAN type Highlights Frequency range... 

In order to get an extremely high resolution and a small dead zone" (after the transmitter pulse) single amplifier states must have a bandwidth up to 90 MHz ( ), and a total bandwidth of 35 MHz (-3 dB) can be reached (HILL-SCAN 3010HF). High- and low-pass filters can be combined to band-passes and provide optimal A-scans. All parameters are controlled by software. 

The HILL-SCAN 30XX boards can be used in different PCs. Desktop- and tower-PCs as well suited for laboratory uses. For in-field inspections rugged notebooks and portable PCs are advantageous. A typical portable system is shown in Fig. 2 (USPC 3010), used in MUSE (Mobile Ultrasonic Equipment). This portable PC not only contains the boards for ultrasonic testing but also a controller with power supply for stepper motors, so that a manipulator can be connected directly. The MUSE system is enlarged with a water circulation system which enables a local immersion technique" for in-field inspections. A typical result is shown in Fig. 3, which presents a D-scan of a CFRP- component in RTM-techniques. The defect area caused by an impact is clearly indicated. The manipulator is described in [3]. 

Fig. 4 presents an A-scan of a 0,15 mm thick steel plate. The RF-A-.scan (sampled with 400 MHz) clearly separates the backwall echoes and demonstrates the high resolution of the HILL-SCAN 3010HF with a 50 MHz transducer. 

Fig. 5, also an A-scan, shows the possibility of the echo-technique for concrete. The interface and backwall-echo of a 20 cm thick concrete specimen are displayed (RF-display). A HILL-SCAN 3041NF board and a broadband transducer (40mm element 0) are used which enable optimal pulse parameters in a range of 50 to 150 kHz. Remarkable for concrete inspections is the high signal-to-noise ratio of about 18 dB. 

Fig. 6, aB-scan of a 15 mm thick sandwich with Nomex cores and GFRP-skins, shows clearly the depth of the two defects in the core [4]. A HILL-SCAN 3010 board and a broadband probe (0,8 to 3 MHz) were used. In regions without defects, the backwall-echo is indicated. 

The HILL-SCAN 30XX boards enable ultrasonic inspections from 50 kHz (concrete inspections) to 35 MHz (inspection of thin layers) with a signal to noise ratio up to 60 dB. The gain setting range of the receiver is 106 dB. High- and low pass filters in the receiver can be combined to band-passes, so that optimal A-scans are displayed. 

Fig. 4 A-scan of a 0.5 mm steel plate (RF-recording) with 400 MHz sample frequency (HILL-SCAN 3010HF), 0.1 V/div. and lOOns/div.

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