Broken Hill

The continuous softening process used by The Broken Hill Associated Smelters Pty., Ltd. is particularly suitable for lead buUion of fairly uniform impurity content. The copper-drossed blast furnace buUion continuously flows in the feed end of a reverberatory furnace at 420°C, and the softened lead leaves the opposite end at 750°C. Oxidation and agitation is provided by compressed air blown through pipes extending down through the arch of the furnace into the bath. 

The cmsts from the Parkes process are then treated to recover the 2inc contained in the dross for reuse in desi1veri2ing This is done by distillation (qv) and more commonly by vacuum technology. A continuous adaptation of the Parkes process is carried out at The Broken Hill Associated Smelters Pty. (Port Pide, AustraUa). The chemistry of this operation is the same as that for batch desi1veri2ing (22,23). 

BMP (Broken Hill Proprietary Company) Ltd., See BHP Billiton Ltd. Australia and United Kingdom... 

BHP (Broken Hill Proprietary Company) Ltd., See BHP Billiton Ltd. Australia and United Kingdom, 141 BHP Billiton Ltd., 141 BHP Billiton Pic, 207 BHP Minerals Ltd., 142 BHP Petroleum Ltd., 142 BICEP , atrazine metolachlor, 25 BIDRIN , dicrotophos, 25... 

Holland, B. O., Aluminium Coating of Steel with Special Reference to Electrodeposition , Broken Hill Ply, Technical Bulletin, 3 No. 1, 29 (1959)... 

The author gratefully acknowledges the co-operation and help he has received from the Australian Coal Industry Laboratories (ACIRL), the Melbourne Research Laboratories of the Broken Hill Proprietary Co. Ltd. (MRL/BHP), the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), in providing information and data, often unpublished, to assist in the preparation of this paper. In particular, he wishes to thank Dr. N. White (MRL/BHP), Mr. J. Cudmore (ACIRL), and the following former colleagues in CSIRO - Prof. A.V Bradshaw, Dr. D. Jones, Mr. H. Rottendorf,... 

White, N., The Broken Hill Proprietary Co. Ltd., Melbourne Research Laboratories, private communication. 

Various mineral prospects and minor metal occurrences are found in the study area, including Pb, Zn and Sn deposits north-east of Broken Hill, Au deposits near Tibooburra and Au, Cu and Pb deposits north of Cobar (Figure 1). 

As noted previously in Chapter 3, the improved dimensional stability of wood as a result of anhydride modification has been found to be a function of WPG only, irrespective of the anhydride used for modification (Stamm and Tarkow, 1947 Hill and Jones, 1996b Li etal., 2000b). This shows that improved dimensional stability arises due to a bulking phenomenon, caused by the volume occupied by the bonded acyl adducts in the cell wall. The dimensional stabilization of wood modified with crotonic anhydride has also been reported ( etin and Ozmen, 2001). Reductions in the EMC have also been attributed to a bulking phenomenon (Papadopoulos and Hill, 2003), and in at least one example of decay protection (Papadopoulos and Hill, 2002). Further research is needed to determine if this is the case for resistance to other decay organisms. Only with the phenomenon of surface wettability does the relationship between a physical property of chemically modified wood and WPG seem to be broken (Hill and Jones, 1996c) (Table 4.1). 

Figure 11,22 (A) Saddle-shaped age spectra of calcic plagioclases from amphibolites, Broken Hill, Australia. (B) Arrhenius plots of reactor-produced isotopes for two of the hve samples, defining existence of three diffusion domains corresponding to albite-rich lamellae (domain 1) and anorthite-rich lamellae of different widths (domains 2 and 3). Reproduced with modifications from T. M. Harrison and I. McDougall (1981), with kind permission from Elsevier Science Publishers B.V, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Harrison T. M. and McDougall I. (1981). Excess " °Ar in metamorphic rocks from Broken Hill, New South Wales Implications for " °Ar/ Ar age spectra and the thermal history of the region. Earth Planet. Sci Letters, 55 123-149. 

Analysis of dry twigs revealed areas of Zn enrichment with associated elements (Cd, Tl and Mn) that show a spatial relationship to areas of Pb enrichment (with Fe, Hg, REE, Al, and Ti), especially south of Tsuius Creek. A strong Pb/Zn zonation is typical of Broken Hill-type Sedex mineralization. Of particular note were localized high Tl values. 

Plimer, I.R. 1979. Sulphide rock zonation and hydrothermal alteration at Broken Hill, Australia. Transactions of the Institution of Mining and Metallurgy Section B Applied Earth Science, 88, 161-176. 

Walters, S., Skrzeczynski, B., Whiting, T., Bunting, F., Arnold, G. 2002. Discovery and geology of the Cannington Au-Pb-Zn deposit, Mount Isa Eastern Succession, Australia development and application of an exploration model for Broken Hill-type deposits. Special Publication (Society of Economic Geologists U.S.), 9, 95-118. 

Stalder, M. Rozendaal, A. 2005. Distribution and geochemical characteristics of barite and barium-rich rocks associated with the Broken Hill-type Gamsberg Zn-Pb deposit, Namaqua Province, South Africa. South African Journai of Geoiogy, 108, 35-50. 

Bernalite, Fe(OH)3, a new mineral from Broken Hill, New South Wales Description and structure. Am. Min. 78 827-834... 

The- author wisher to express his appreciation of the grants made by the following bodies to defray the expenses of attending the Conference The Waiter- Eliza Hall Trust, The Broken Hill Proprietary... 

Co. Ltd., North Broken Hill Ltd., Australian Paper Manufacturers Ltd., Broken Hill South Ltd., I.C.I.A.N.Z. Ltd., Commonwealth Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd., Commonwealth Industrial Gases, and the Travel Fund of the University of Melbourne. Thanks are also due to Mr. B. G. Hyde for reading the manuscript and for helpful criticisms. 

Cuprite is a fairly common mineral, and of the many localities in which it occurs may be mentioned the Province of Perm, in the former U.S.S.R.. Chessy, France Broken Hill. New South Wales Corocoro. Bolivia Andacollo, Chile Bisbee. Arizona and Del Norte County, California. Magnificent large transparent red gem crystals, some with a coating of malachite, have been found at Ojunga. S.W. Africa. The name cuprite is derived from the Latin cuprum, copper. 

The elder sister, Mavis, was born in 1901 and she also attended Bedford, where she obtained a B.Sc. in chemistry in 1923. In 1927, Gell was an Assayer at Broken Hill, Australia. She subsequently returned to Britain for, in the 1932 and 1936 Registers of the Royal Institute of Chemistry (RIC), Mavis Gell was listed as a Temporary Worker in the Metallurgy Department of the National Physical Laboratory. At some point in her career, she was awarded a C.B.E., though it is not clear for what accomplishment. She died on 28 June 1989 in Wellington, New Zealand, aged 88 years. 

Current affiliation Melbourne Laboratories, The Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited, Mul-grave, Victoria, Australia. 

Sedex deposits constitute many of the world s great ore deposits, including the Sullivan mine in Canada, Mount Isa, the Broken Hill protolith, and... 

Walters S. and Bailey A. (1998) Geology and mineralization of the Cannington Ag-Pb-Zn deposit an example of Broken Hill-type mineralization in the Eastern succession. Mount Isa inlier, Australia. Econ. Geol. 93, 1307-1329. 

M.R. Khan and D.J. Barber, Composition-related microstructures in zinc-bearing carbonate assemblages from Broken Hill, New South Wales. Mineralogy and Petrology 41, pp, 229-245 (1990). 

Fig. 12-28. Location of sample traverses at the Wet Lagoon also showing Pb geochemistry in surrounding residual soils as determined by North Broken Hill Ltd to the south of the lagoon, Pb contents were determined on soils from the base of shallow auger holes to bedrock (from Carr et al., 1986).

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