Infections cytomegalovirus

Stuyver LJ, McBrayer TR, Thamish PM, Qark J, HoUecker L, Lostia S, Nachman T, Grier J, Bennett MA, Xie M-Y, Schinazi RE, Morrey JD, Inlander JL, Eurman PA, Otto MJ (2006) Inhibition of hepatitis C repUcon RNA synthesis by P-D-2 -deoxy-2 -fluoro-2 -C-methylcytidine a specific inhibitor of hepatitis C virus replication. Antiviral Chem Chemother 17 79-87 Sullivan V, Talarico CL, Stanat SC, Davis M, Coen DM, Biron KK (1992) A protein kinase homo-logue controls phosphorylation of ganciclovir in human cytomegalovirus-infected cells. Nature 359 85... 

Dalod M, Hamilton T, Salomon R, et al. Dendritic cell responses to early murine cytomegalovirus infection subset functional specialization and differential regulation by interferon alpha/beta. J Exp Med 2003 197(7) 885-898. 

Van der Bij, W., et al. (1988). Rapid immunodiagnosis of active cytomegalovirus infection by monoclonal antibody staining of blood leukocytes. J. Med. Virol. 25, 179-188. 

Balzarini J, Schols D, Neyts J, Van Damme E, Penmans W, De Clercq E. a-(1-3)- and a-(l-6)-d-mannose-specific plant lectins are markedly inhibitory to human immunodeficiency virus and cytomegalovirus infections in vitro. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1991 35 410-416. 

Kenzelmann M et al. Transcriptome analysis of fibroblast cells immediate-early after human cytomegalovirus infection. J Mol Biol 2000 304 741-751. 

Sonsino E, Mouy R, Foucaud P, Cezard JP, Aigrain Y, Bocquet L, et al Intestinal pseudoobstruction related to cytomegalovirus infection of myenteric plexus. N Engl J Med 1984 311 196-197. 

An important reduction in gram-negative bacter-aemia was observed after introduction of selective gut decontamination in the neutropenic patient. The most prevalent bloodstream infection on a hematology ward nowadays is the S. epidermidis bacter-aemia associated with the use of intravenous central catheters. After prolonged neutropenia (e.g. after bone marrow transplantation) the patient is at risk for cytomegalovirus infection, candidemia and invasive aspergillosis. 

According to the CDC, the diagnosis of AIDS constitutes certain opportunistic infections, neoplasms, encephalopathy or wasting syndrome in the presence of HIV infection. In 1993, the CDC expanded the criteria to also include CD4+ T-cell count below 200 cells/p,l in the presence of HIV infection. The most common opportunistic infections includepneumocystis carinii pneumonia, pneumonitis, toxoplasmosis, mycobacterial disease, recurrent herpes simplex virus infection and/or cytomegalovirus infection. Kaposi s sarcoma is the most common form of cancer. HIV-related nervous system diseases include acute septic meningitis, AIDS dementia complex, subacute encephalitis, HIV encephalopathy and CNS opportunistic infections and neoplasm. 

Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia has been precipitated or aggravated by glucocorticoids (SEDA-20, 377 SEDA-22, 450 272,350,351). There is some concern about the use of glucocorticoids as adjunctive therapy in patients with AIDS who develop Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia. The immunosuppressant properties of glucocorticoids have been reported to enhance the risk of tuberculosis and other AIDS-related diseases (for example Kaposi s sarcoma or cytomegalovirus infection). 

Fischler B, Casswall TH, Malmborg P, Nemeth A. Ganciclovir treatment in infants with cytomegalovirus infection and cholestasis. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2002 34(2) 154-7. 

Griffiths P. Cytomegalovirus infection of the central nervous system. Herpes. 2004 ll(suppl 2) 95A-104A. 

Lactoferrin-mediated protection of mice from cytomegalovirus infection was reported to be linked with T-cell-dependent increase in natural killer cell activity (Shimizu et al, 1996). Lactoferrin potent antiviral inhibitory effect against HIV-1 in T-cell line was attributed to its action on HIV binding or on the entry of this virus into the cells no matter if it was in the apo or saturated form (Puddu et al, 1998). Antiviral and antitumor activities are correlated to... 

Shimizu, K., Matsuzawa, H., Okada, K., Tazume, S., Dosako, S., Kawasky, Y., Hashimoto, K., and Koga, Y. 1996. Lactoferrin-mediated protection of the host from murine cytomegalovirus infection by a T-cell-dependent augmentation of natural killer cell activity. Arch. Virol. 141, 1875-1889. 

By conventional chemistry, enantiopure branched-chain 3a-carbatetrooxetose derivatives 288 and ent-288 were finally incorporated into carbaoxetanocin analogues 289, ent-289, 290, and ent-290, whose efficacy against a range of herpes viruses and cytomegalovirus infections was assayed. 

It is used in the treatment of cytomegalovirus infections in immunocompromised patients... 

The treatment for smallpox is primarily supportive. Research is ongoing into antiviral therapies for smallpox but currently therapy for patients infected with smallpox remains supportive, with intravenous fluids, pain medications, and antibiotics as needed for secondary bacterial infections (Henderson, 1999). Cidofovir, an antiviral agent used primarily against cytomegalovirus infection, has shown some promise against orthopox viruses such as vaccinia and cowpox in animal studies (De Clercq, 2002). Currently it is approved in its IV form for use in the treatment of adverse effects of smallpox vaccination (CDC, 2003). 

Yuki N, Tagawa Y (1998) Acute cytomegalovirus infection and IgM and-GM2 antibody. J Neurol Sci 154 14—17. 

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