Ointments topical

Ointment (Topical) 0.5% (Cortizone-5), 1% (Anusol-HC, Cortaid, Cortizone-lO, Hydrocortisone 1%, Hytone), 2.5% (Hytone). 

Topical acyclovir (Zovirax) is available as a 5% ointment topical penciclovir (Denavir), as a 1% cream for the treatment of recurrent orolabial herpes simplex virus infection in immunocompetent adults. Adverse local reactions to acyclovir and penciclovir may include pruritus and mild pain with transient stinging or burning. 

A 62-year-old woman, who had applied DoloPosterine N ointment topically to the perianal skin and rectal mucosa for several days, developed erythematous vesicular lesions in the perianal area and an erythematous edematous rash of the face, axillae, elbow flexures, and inner thighs (7). This abated on withdrawal of the drug and the administration of oral prednisolone for 10 days. Patch testing was positive with cinchocaine. 

The nurse should make sure the student is not allergic to any type of antibiotics before applying the ointment. Topical medication can cause allergic reactions. 

Lidocaine hydrochloride [73-78-9] (Xylocaine), is the most versatile local anesthetic agent because of its moderate potency and duration of action, rapid onset, topical activity, and low toxicity. Its main indications are for infiltration, peripheral nerve blocks, extradural anesthesia, and in spinal anesthesia where a duration of 30 to 60 min is desirable. Because of its vasodilator activity, addition of the vasoconstrictor, epinephrine, increases the duration of action of Hdocaine markedly. It is also available in ointment or aerosol preparations for a variety of topical appHcations. 

Sorbitan sesquioleate emulsions of petrolatum and wax are used as ointment vehicles in skin treatment. In topical appHcations, the inclusion of both sorbitan fatty esters and their poly(oxyethylene) derivatives modifies the rate of release and promotes the absorption of antibiotics, antiseptics, local anesthetics, vasoconstrictors, and other medications from suppositories, ointments, and lotions. Poly(oxyethylene(20)) sorbitan monooleate, also known as Polysorbate 80 (USP 23), has been used to promote absorption of ingested fats from the intestine (245). 

Bacitracin given parenteraHy is sufftciendy nephrotoxic that it is rarely used in human medicine for other than topical indications (80). Thus safe and effective use, especially as the zinc salt, is limited almost completely to ointments, sprays, and solutions for skin and ophthalmic use in concentrations of 250 to 1000 units per milliliter. Bacitracin is only rarely skin sensitizing. As in the case of polymyxin, bacitracin is usually combined with other antibiotics to enlarge its spectmm of activity, or with corticoids or analgesics to reUeve pain or itching. 

Tea tree oil comes from an evergreen tree native to Australia. The herb has been used as a nonirritating, antimicrobial for cuts stings wounds burns and acne. It can be found in shampoos soaps and lotions. Tea tree oil should not be ingested orally but is effective when used topically for minor cuts and stings. Tea tree oil is used as an antifungal to relieve and control the symptoms of tinea pedis Topical application is most effective when used in a cream with at least 10% tea tree oil. Several commercially prepared ointments are available. The cream is applied to affected areas twice daily for several weeks... 

Instructions for application of the topical ointment or transdermal system are available with the product. Read tiiese instructions carefully. 

Be sure die area is clean and thoroughly dry before applying die topical ointment or transdermal system, and rotate die application sites. Apply the transdermal system to die chest (front and back), abdomen, and upper or lower arms and legp. Firmly... 

When using the topical ointment form or transder-mal system, cleanse old application sites witii soap and warm water as soon as the ointment or transdermal system is removed. 

To use tiie topical ointment, apply a thin layer on the skin using tiie paper applicator (the patient or family member may need instructions regarding this technique). Avoid finger contact witii tiie ointment. 

TO PI GAL ENZYMES. Certain types of wounds may require special preparations before applying the topical enzyme The nurse cleanses or prepares the area and applies the topical enzyme as directed by the primary health care provider. If bleeding occurs with the use of sutilains, the nurse discontinues the ointment and contacts the primary health care provider. 

Topicals— These are semisolid preparations such as creams, ointments, or gels intended to be applied to the skin or certain mucous membranes... 

Neomycin is poorly absorbed fiom the alimentary tract when given orally, and is usually used in the form of lotions and ointments for topical application against skin and eye infections. Fraittycetin consists of neomycin B with a small amount of neomycin C, and is usually employed locally. 

Menthol, also known as peppermint oil, is used widely in toothpastes, mouthwashes, gum, sore-throat lozenges, lip balms, and nasal decongestants. For topical analgesic use, it is available in creams, lotions, ointment, and patches. The patches can be trimmed to fit the affected area. 

Topical antibiotic drops are preferred. Consider subconjunctival antibiotics if compliance is a concern. Systemic therapy is useful in cases of systemic infection (e.g., gonorrhea) or if the sclera is infected. Reserve ointments for minor cases or adjunctive nighttime therapy.19... 

Regardless of the cause, the mainstay of treatment for dry eye is artificial tears. Artificial tears augment the tear film topically and provide relief. If a patient uses artificial tears more than four times daily, recommend a preservative-free formulation. Preservative-free formulations are also appropriate if the patient develops an allergy to ophthalmic preservatives. Artificial tears are available in gel, ointment, and emulsion forms that provide a longer duration of relief and may allow for less frequent instillation. Ointment use is appropriate at bedtime.30... 

Topical agents may be incorporated into various vehicles including ointments, creams, gels, lotions, foams, pastes, and shampoos. Ointments provide occlusion which may increase... 

A topical antibiotic or antifungal may be used to control the spread of infection but generally is unnecessary. For staphylococcal or streptococcal folliculitis, antibiotic ointments such as mupirocin might be administered three times daily. Antifungal shampoo can be used for dermatophytes. 

Eye Contact Wash eyes immediately with copious amounts of water for at least 15 min apply an ophthalmic corticosteroid ointment after decontamination treat delayed erythema with a bland shake lotion (such as calamine lotion) or a topical corticosteroid depending on severity do not wear contact lenses when working with this chemical seek medical attention immediately. 

Elder flower ointment (Ungentum sambuci) was commonly used topically to treat human conditions such as hemorrhoids, chilblains (a milder version of frostbite) as well as treating horses wounded in battle. During World War I, Ungentum sambuci was... 

Elder leaves are primarily used for topical applications as an emollient and vulnerary. They were traditionally mixed with tallow and made into an ointment for hemorrhoids, burns, bruises, sprains, chilblains, wounds, hives, eczema, tumors and gout. Elder leaf salve is reported to be as effective as cortisone creams. Elder is most beneficial in moving the stagnation associated with black-and-blue marks. Soaking cuts in a tea of elder leaves before applying the salve is another common first aid application. 

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