Herpes simplex type

Deslongchamps and coworkers [26] used a combination of a transannular Diels-Alder cycloaddition and an intramolecular aldol reaction in the synthesis of the unnatural enantiomer of a derivative of the (+)-aphidicolin (4-74), which is a diterpe-noic tetraol isolated from the fungus Cephalosporium aphidicolia. This compound is an inhibitor of DNA polymerase, and is also known to act against the herpes simplex type I virus. In addition, it slows down eukaryotic cell proliferation, which makes it an interesting target as an anticancer agent... 

Perinatal herpes simplex type 2 infection Mothers with primary HSV or frequent recurrent genital HSV Acyclovir Proposed effective... 

Acyclovir, valacyclovir, penciclovir, and famciclovir are synthetic guanine analogs with inhibitory activity against members of the herpesvirus family, including herpes simplex types 1 and 2. Their mechanism of action, indications, and usage in the treatment of cutaneous infections are discussed in Chapter 49. 

Herpes simplex (type 1 [1,3] hamster BHK cells infected with virus [1]) [1, 3]... 

Parr, E.L., and M.B. Parr. 1999. Immune responses and protection against vaginal infection after nasal or vaginal immunization with attenuated herpes simplex type-2. Immunology 98 639. 

Herpesviridae Cytomegalovirus Epstein-Barr virus Herpes simplex, types 1 and 2 Varicella-zoster virus Cytomegalic inclusion disease (i.e., widespread involvement of virtually any organ, especially the brain, liver, lung, kidney, intestine) Infectious mononucleosis Local infections of oral, genital, and other mucocutaneous areas systemic infections Chickenpox herpes zoster (shingles) other systemic infections... 

The 7-azabenzisoselenazol-3(27/)-ones (169) (Fig. 12), substituted at the 2-position with phenyl or alkyl groups, and the methiodides (170) were found in the antiviral assay to be strong inhibitors of cytopathic activity of herpes simplex type 1 virus (HSV-1) and encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), more potent than ebselen. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were in the range 0.4-6.0 pg mL 1, substantially lower than those when toxicity was observed. The vesicular stomatis virus (VSV) remained resistant toward tested compounds, except moderately active methiodide (171) [51, 271],... 

Herpes simplex type 1 virus (HSV-1) is a human neurotropic virus, used as a vector for gene transfer in the nervous system. The HSV genome is linear, composed of a double-stranded, 152 kb DNA molecule, and able to contain 40-50 kb of a transgene. 

Structure-activity studies (116, 117) on virginiamycin Ml (90) have established the importance of the macrocyclic ring and the 13-OH group. Oxidation of the latter resulted in loss of activity, whereas the products of nonstereoselective reduction of the C-15 carbonyl group retained biological activity (116,117). Vir-giniamycins have been demonstrated to enhance lactation in ruminants (118) and to protect HeLa cell monolayers infected with Herpes simplex type I virus (119). 

The difficult to collect Antarctic sponge, Kirkpatrickia variolosa, is the source of the cytotoxic variolins.300,301 The most active of which, variolin B 18 (Scheme 6.1 Part 2), has shown activity against herpes simplex type I and P388 leukaemia cells. Variolin B induced apoptosis in multidrug resistant leukaemia and epithelial cancer cell lines. Due to the difficulty of Antarctic collection, synthetic efforts have been pursued resulting in the partial synthesis of the tricyclic core of variolin B,306 310 three total syntheses of variolin B311 313 and the development of variolin derivatives.314 317... 

Viral herpes simplex type 1 thymidine kinase (HSVl TK) is a key enzyme in the metabolism of the herpes simplex virus. Its physiological role is to salvage thymidine into the DNA metabolism by converting it to thymidine monophosphate ... 

Herpes labialis (cold sore or fever blister) is a painful and highly contagious infection caused by the herpes simplex type 1 virus (HSVl). The herpesviruses are a large group of double-stranded DNA viruses that cause a variety of diseases in humans and animals. One of the interesting features of some herpesviruses is their ability to remain latent ( lying dormant ) in the body for long periods of time after the primary infec-... 

In other studies, three strains of Epstein-Barr virus and herpes simplex types 1 and each gave unique restriction enzyme patterns. 

Marques AR, Straus SE. Herpes simplex type 2 infections An update. Dis Month 2000 46 325-359. 

They also developed a sensor for the detection of herpes viruses [43]. The sensor was used to specifically detect five hiunan herpes viruses, herpes simplex type 1 and 2, viracella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus and Epstein-barr virus. Of the immobilisation procedures tested, protein A was best in terms of reusability, sensitivity and stabihty. Each virus was measured hnearly from 54 to 1 X 10 virions/crystal. The sensor was reusable 18 times and stable for 8 weeks without detectable loss in activity. When apphed to complex human specimen no non-specific effects were observed and the sensor performed identically for each virus as it did in buffer. 

The enol form of compound 32 can be transformed into 4-chloro derivative 33 by phosphorus oxychloride. Thiourea with the latter produced a 6-mercapto derivative through the respective isothiouronium salt and mild hydrolysis. The last three compounds revealed antitumor and antiviral activities against Herpes simplex type 1 and influenza virus, respectively (92KFZ(9-10)63) (Scheme 7). 4-Chloro derivative... 

---