Lactation enhancement

The anabolic steroids are contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to the dni, liver disorders, or serious cardiac disease, and in men with prostate gland disorders (eg, prostate carcinoma and prostate enlargement). The anabolic steroids are classified as Pregnancy Category X dru and should not be administered during pregnancy and lactation. Anabolic steroids are contraindicated when used to enhance physical appearance or athletic performance... 

Henriksen et al. 1991). A comparable phenomenon is the enhanced dechlorination of tetrachloroethene in anaerobic microcosms by the addition of carboxylic acids including lactate, propionate, butyrate, and crotonate (Gibson and Sewell 1992). 

Nystatin topical (Mycostatin) Enhancement of Lactation 100,000 units/g—apply to affected areas after each feeding ... 

Metoclopramide is the drug of choice for enhancement of lactation when improved feeding technique fails to increase milk flow48 (Table 44-5). Metoclopramide exerts its effect through dopamine antagonism. Increases in milk production should be noted within 2 to 5 days of metoclopramide initiation. Monitor patients for extrapyrimidal symptoms. 

Berger A., Blum L.J., Enhancement of the response of a lactate oxidase/peroxidase-based fiberoptic sensor by compartimentalization of the enzyme layer, Enzyme Microb. Technol., 1994 16 979-984. 

Uremia results in increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier to sucrose and insulin K+ transport is enhanced whereas Na+ transport is impaired. There is an increase in brain osmolarity in acute renal failure due to the increase in urea concentrations. However, in contrast to acute renal failure, the increase in osmolarity in chronic renal failure results from the presence of idiogenic osmoles in addition to urea. CBF is increased in uremic patients but CMR02 and CMR are decreased. In the brains of rats with acute renal failure, ATP, phosphocreatine and glucose are increased whereas AMP, ADP and lactate are decreased, most probably as a result of decreased energy demands. 

Rozman K, Rozman T, Smith GS. 1984. Liquid paraffins in feed enhance fecal excretion of mirex and DDE from body stores of lactating goats and cows. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 34(1) 27-36. 

Some of these stability issues can be addressed by the use of protective barrier membranes, at the risk of aggravating another fundamental challenge reactant mass transfer. Typical reactants present in vivo are available only at low concentrations (glucose, 5 mM oxygen, 0.1 mM lactate, 1 mM). Maximum current density is therefore limited by the ability of such reactants to diffuse to and within bioelectrodes. In the case of glucose, flux to cylindrical electrodes embedded in the walls of blood vessels, where mass transfer is enhanced by blood flow of 1—10 cm/s, is expected to be 1—2 mA/cm. ° Mass-transfer rates are even lower in tissues, where such convection is absent. However, microscale electrodes with fiber or microdot geometries benefit from cylindrical or spherical diffusion fields and can achieve current densities up to 1 mA/cm at the expense of decreased electrode area. ... 

Silver-enhancing solution (II) 60 mL protective colloid (25% gum arabic or 50% PEG [20,000 mol wt] or PVP), 10 mL 2 M citric acid or sodium citrate, and 850 mg hydroquinone dissolved in 15 mL deionized glass-distilled water mix thoroughly adjust pH to 3.8 immediately before use, add 110 mg silver lactate dissolved in 15 mL deionized glass-distilled water (see Note 2). 

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