Cold sores

Acute infection with Hetpes simplex viruses (HSV) results in painful rashes on skin and mucous membranes. HSV-1 mainly causes cold sores around the mouth (hetpes labialis) or eyes (keratitis), whereas infection by HSV-2 mostly results in sores in the genital or anal area. Less frequently, HSV also causes severe infections in newborns or potentially fatal encephalitis. HSV remains latent and can be reactivated by stress, suppression of the immune system or other infections. 

Acyclovir (Zovirax) and penciclovir (Denavir) are the only topical antiviral dragp currently available These dragp inhibit viral replication. Acyclovir is used in the treatment of initial episodes of genital herpes, as well as heqies simplex virus infections in immunocompromised patients (patients with an immune system incapable of fighting infection). Penciclovir is used for the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis (cold sores) in adults. 

Lemon balm (balm, melissa, sweet balm) Melatonin Melissa officinalis Graves disease, sedative, antispasm odic, cold sores (topical) None significant. None significant. 

C. Viral Chickenpox, herpes simplex (cold sores)... 

Viruses may also cause latent infection of a host. In a latent infection, there is a delay between infection by the virus and the appearance of symptoms. Fever blisters (cold sores), caused by the herpes simplex virus, result from a latent viral infection the symptoms reappear sporadically as the virus emerges from latency. The latent stage in viral infection of an animal cell is generally not due to the integration of the viral genome into the genome of the animal cell, as is the case with latent infections by temperate bacteriophages. 

Considerable data is available suggesting thatmild-to-moderate immunosuppression can lead to an increase in infectious disease. The types of infections that occur tend to result from either common pathogens (e.g., causing upper respiratory tract infections) or latent viruses (e.g., herpes cold sores), rather than opportunistic organisms such as Pnuemocyctis carinii. These are usually not life-threatening, except in certain susceptible populations, such as the elderly. Opportunistic infections, in contrast, are more prevalent in individuals where severe forms of immunosuppression are present, such as primary immunodeficiency diseases or HIV/AIDS. 

Herpes labialis or cold sores can be precipitated by trauma to the lips and sunlight. In patients whose immune system is compromised, such as in immunosuppression or in cases of viral infections, herpes labialis may be precipitated. Dental caries do not precipitate cold sores. 

Aciclovir is an antiviral indicated in the treatment and prophylaxis of cold sores. It is available for systemic administration (tablets) or topical use (cream, eye ointment). In the management of cold sores, the cream is applied every 4 hours and continued for 5 days. Its use should be started as soon as symptoms (tingling sensation) begin. 

Viruses are responsible for many human and animal diseases, with a variety of symptoms and levels of severity. Common viral illnesses include colds, influenza, cold-sores (herpes), and childhood infections such as chickenpox, measles, and mumps. More serious conditions include meningitis, poliomyelitis, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the latter potentially leading to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). 

Not intended for the treatment of vesicular lesions, such as cold sores or fever blisters. 

Herpes labialis For the treatment of herpes labialis (cold sores). 

Herpes labialis The recommended dosage of valacyclovir for the treatment of cold sores is 2 g twice daily for 1 day taken approximately 12 hours apart. Initiate therapy at the earliest symptom of a cold sore (eg, tingling, itching, burning). There are no data on the effectiveness of treatment initiated after the development of clinical signs of a cold sore (eg, papule, vesicle, ulcer). Therapy beyond 1 day does not appear to provide additional clinical benefit. 

Cream Treatment of recurrent herpes labialis (cold sores) in adults and adolescents (12 years of age and older). 

Penciclovir (Denavir) [Antiviral] U e Herpes simplex (herpes labialis/ cold sores) Action Competitive inhibitor of DNA polym ase Dose Apply at 1st sign of lesions, then q2h while awake x 4 d Caution [B, /-] Contra Allergy, previous Rxn to famciclovir Disp Cream SE Erythema, HA EMS None OD Unlikely to cause life-threatening Sxs... 

Docosanol cream is approved for the over-the-counter treatment of herpes labiaUs. It shortens the duration of symptoms of cold sores and fever blisters but does not provide symptomatic relief. 

D. Acyclovir is in pregnancy category B animal studies have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus, but no large, controlled studies of human outcomes have been performed. Cidofovir may be used to treat HSV that is resistant to acyclovir however, it is embryotoxic and teratogenic, and Ms. Doe should avoid it. Docosanol is used for cold sores and is not indicated for ophthalmic use. Fomivirsen is effective against CMV retinitis, not HSV keratitis. Ribavirin is indicated for RSV infection and is also mutagenic, teratogenic, and embryotoxic. 

Insomnia, peripheral neuropathy, depression, cough, decreased appetite or weight loss, sinusitis, anxiety, asthenia, myalgia, cold sores Rare (3%-2%)... 

Herpes lahialis (cold sores) Topical Penciclovir should be applied every 2 hours during waking hours for a period of 4 days. Treatment should be started as early as possible (i. e., during the prodrome or when lesions appear). 

Avoid exposure of cold sores to direct sunlight... 

Topical anesthesia of nose and throat, abolish laryngeal and esophageal reflexes prior to diagnostic procedure Topical Direct application of a 0.25% or 0.5% topical solution or by oral inhalation of a nebulized 0.5% solution. Total dose should not exceed 20 mg. Mild pain, burning and/or pruritus associated with herpes labialis (cold sores or fever blisters) Topical Apply to the affected area no more than 3-4 times a day. Ophthalmic anesthesia Topical 1-2 drops of a 0.5% solution. 

Viral DNA polymerase is an important catalyst for the synthesis of viral nucleic acids. DNA polymerase inhibitors have already been encountered as antitumor agents. Ara-A (9.5, vidarabine) is a DNA polymerase inhibitor that has demonstrated activity against herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-1) infections, responsible for cold sores on... 

Phenol is toxic to bacteria and fungi, and it is used as a slimicide and disinfectant. Because of its anesthetic effects, phenol is used in medicines such as ointments, ear and nose drops, cold sore lotions, throat lozenges and sprays (such as those sold under die Cepastat and Chloraseptic labels), and antiseptic lotions (EPA, 2002). 

Toothache, cold sore, and teething products Anbesol Kank-A Orajel Zilactin-B... 

N.A. Camphor oil, d-bomeol.105 Internally for fainting, convulsions associated with high fever, cholera, pneumonia. Externally for rheumatism, ringworm, abscesses, boils, cold sores, mouth ulcers. 

N.A. Terpenoids, cineole, beta-pinene, alpha-terpineol." Antiseptic, treat cold, sore throats, coughs, chest infections. 

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