Heart related disorders

Ar = Aryl X and = Divalant alkylene C, 4 chain optionally substituted with lower alkyl groups 

Improves brain disorder and heart function. Inhibits 5-lipoxygenase acetyl choline -stearase and anoxia, shows isotropic action and useful as cardiotonics and the treatment of heart failure, cerebral arteriosclerosis and Alzheimer type senile dementi s. 199 

The HCl - salts were more effective than verapamil in the inhibition of ventricular fibrillation induced by reperfusion after coronary artery ligation in dogs. 200 

Centrally acting compounds. These also show the effect on blood pressure, heart rate and rectal temp. (rats). 203 

Useful in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, especially cerebral ischemic diseases such as 

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Mitochondrial DNA is also prone to noninherited (somatic) mutations. Somatic mutations occur in the DNA of certain cells during a person s lifetime, and typically are not passed to future generations. Because mitochondrial DNA has a limited ability to repair itself when it is damaged, these mutations tend to build up over time. A buildup of somatic mutations in mitochondrial DNA has been associated with some forms of cancer and an increased risk of certain age-related disorders such as heart disease, Alzheimer disease, and Parkinson disease. Additionally, research suggests that the progressive accumulation of these mutations over a person s lifetime may play a role in the normal process of aging. 

The most prescribed drugs for blood-related disorders are also summarized in Table 1.17. Blood clots can occur in the veins at extremities (especially after a long period of immobility). Those clots can subsequently become lodged in the blood vessels, the atria, the heart valves, and within the lungs, causing embolism and shortness of breath. Under severe conditions, the clots can also obstruct the flow of blood to the brain, leading to a stroke and paralysis. Coumadin (warfarin see chemical structure below) is one of the main hematological compounds that has been widely prescribed to counter these conditions... 

After heart disease and cancer, alcohol-related disorders are considered the third most important health problem in the United States, estimated to account for at least one fourth of all hospitalizations in this country. Almost 50% of those who suffer from alcohol dependence also abuse other legal and illicit drugs (see Appendix D). Alcohol is involved in 25% to 35% of all suicides and 50% to 70% of all homicides it also figures prominently in accidental deaths and domestic violence (388, 389). Furthermore, causes of death resulting from excessive alcohol use include the following ... 

A series of article abstracts about various magnesium-deficiency symptoms, syndromes, conditions, or diseases are supplied at http //www.mgwa-ter.com/abstract.shtml. These include the following alcohol-related hypertension and strokes, alcohol-induced contraction of cerebral arteries, amyofrophic lateral sclerosis and aluminum deposition in the central nervous system, cardiac arrhythmias, asthma therapy, attention deficit disorder (ADD), cerebral artery disorders, constipation, diabetes, heart muscle disorders or myocardial infarction, hypertension, HIV, kidney stones, menopause, migraine, multiple sclerosis, osteoporosis, and premenstrual syndrome. In all cases, an increase in magnesium levels had beneficial effects. 

Diseases result from genetic factors and from the deleterious effects of things in the environment, from microbes, trauma, violence, or deficient diets. They often involve abnormalities in molecular processes affected by both genetic and environmental factors. Diseases, including heart disease, diabetes, cancer, mental illnesses, and age-related disorders, are complex, influenced by many different genes, that affect many processes. 

Kenny RA, O Shea D, Parry SW The Newcastle protocols for head-up tUt table testing in the diagnosis of vasovagal syncope, carotid sinus hypersensitivity, and related disorders. Heart 83, 564—569 (2000). 

The Food and Drug Administration, the agency that oversees pharmaceuticals, alerts consumers to heart-related risks associated with newly developed medications such as antidiabetes drugs, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder drugs, and diet pills. The FDA oversees the manufacturing of medical devices and takes action when devices such as stents or pacemakers are suspected of acting in a faulty manner. 

Obesity is associated with a number of health risks, such as heart disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, gallbladder disease, and some types of cancer (Carey etal., 1997 Lamon-Fava eta/., 1996 Rimm eta/., 1995 Mokdad eta/., 2001). The importance of reducing body fat accumulation in the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases has been noted by many experiments and surveys. Clinical studies have suggested that weight loss in the range of 5-10% of initial weight can confer significant reductions in obesity-related disorders. 

There are many age-related disorders that, in theory at least, may be prevented or delayed by increased antioxidant defense. These disorders include arthritis, cancer, coronary heart disease, cataract, dementia, hypertension, macular degeneration, the metabolic complications of diabetes mellitus, and stroke. The rationale for prevention of disease by antioxidants is based on the following facts. 

Other current nonmalignant disease or disorder, for example, congestive heart failure or peptic ulcer, that may or may not be related to the malignant disease... 

Heart failure is a clinical syndrome characterized by a history of specific signs and symptoms related to congestion and hypoperfusion. As HF can occur in the presence or absence of fluid overload, the term heart failure is preferred over the former term congestive heart failure. Heart failure results from any structural or functional cardiac disorder that impairs the ability of the ventricle to fill with or eject blood.1 Many disorders such as those of the pericardium, epicardium, endocardium, or great vessels may lead to HF, but most patients develop symptoms due to impairment in left ventricular (LV) myocardial function. 

Guide to Selected Publicly Available Sleep-Related Data Resources (ed. NIH, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. National Center on Sleep Disorders Research), 2006. 

Protein-calorie malnutrition has a devastating effect on the thymolym-phatic system, and very early in the course of malnutrition in infants, the thymus usually shows a pronounced atrophy, followed by that of the spleen and then the rest of the lymph nodes. How these are related to (a) the defect of the cell-mediated immunity which we frequently observe in subjects with parasitic infection and (b) the autoimmune disorders of the heart, the kidneys, and the spleen in subtropical and tropical populations are not immediately apparent, but they arc useful areas for further investigations. 

Atrial fibrillation is commonly associated with heart failure, and the prevalence of atrial fibrillation is related to the severity of heart failure, with less than 5% affected with very mild heart failure to nearly 50% affected with advanced heart failure [66]. Heart failure and atrial fibrillation are both common cardiovascular disorders and share the same demographic risk factors, including age, history of hypertension, prior myocardial infarction, and valvular heart disease [67, 68]. Further, the incidence of heart failure increases dramatically after the diagnosis of atrial fibrillation [69]. Progression of LV dysfunction can clearly be associated with rapid ventricular rates [70-76]. Conversely, conversion to normal sinus rhythm or control of ventricular response in atrial fibrillation can improve LV function [71-74, 77]. Accordingly, rate control becomes very important in patients with heart failure and dilated cardiomyopathy, and likely even more so when ischemia from rapid rates complicate the patient s course. 

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