Hazardous materials classification

Magison, E. C. 1987. Hazardous Material Classification m the United States History, Problems, and Needs. Proe. Inti. Symposium on the Explosion Hazard Classification of. Vapors, Gases and Dusts. National Materials Advisory Board, Washington, DC. 

Ministerial Ordinance for Material Transportation and Storage of Hazardous Substance of the Ministry of Transportation. The hazardous material classification by the United Nations is shown in Table 1.2. 

Finally, we will illustrate some of the points discussed by describing the development of a prototype expert system for hazardous materials classification and loss prevention engineering decision support. 

Fluer, L., Hazardous Materials Classification Guide. International Fire Code Institute, Whittier, CA, 1993. 

The UBC and UFC divide hazardous materials into two hazard eategories (Physieal and Health) whieh are directly correlated to Tables 3-D and 3-E of the UBC. Artiele 80 of the UFC provides general requirements for all types of hazardous materials regardless of the occupancy or use of a faeility. Artiele 80 subdivides hazardous materials classifications into two broad categories ... 

For guidance on the classification of chemicals by hazard category, refer to Appendix VI-A of the UFC. For additional assistance, the supplier of each material should be consulted. Manufacturers are required to publish Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) which may assist in determining the hazardous material classification. 

Finish removers are appHed by bmshing, spraying, troweling, flowing, or soaking. Removal is by water rinse, wipe and let dry, or solvent rinse. Removers may be neutral, basic, or acidic. The viscosity can vary from water thin, to a thick spray-on, to a paste trowel-on remover. The hazard classification, such as flammable or corrosive, is assigned by the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) for the hazardous materials contained in the remover. 

Turpin, R., K. Vora, J. Singh, A. Eissler, and D. Stranbergh. On-Site Air Monitoring Classification by the Use of a Two-Stage Collection Tube," Management of Uncontrolled Hazardous Waste Sites Proceedings, Hazardous Materials Control Research Institute, Washington, D.C., 1984. 

Englehardt, J. D. (1993). Pollution Prevention Technologies A Review and Classification. of Hazardous Materials 35, 119-50. 

Originally the classification of materials was derived from tests of proprietary explosion-proof (flameproof) enclosures. There were no published criteria. Equipment was approved relative to the lowest ignition temperature of any material in the group (Magison 1987). In about 1965 the U.S. Coast Guard asked the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) to form a panel to classify 200 materials of commerce. The Electrical Hazards Panel of the Committee on Hazardous Materials was formed by the NAS. The Panel studied many ways to estimate the hazard classification of materials. The Panel finally reported to die U.S. Coast Guard in 1970 that no workable, predicdve scheme could be defined, and it then proceeded to assign tentative classifications to the 200 materials. 

Hurst, N. W., Bellamy, L. J., Geyer, T. A., Astley, J. A. (1991). A Classification Scheme for Pipework Failures to Include Human and Socio-Technical Errors and their Contribution to Pipework Failure Frequencies. Journal of Hazardous Materials 26, 159-186. 

CLASSIFICATION AND LABELLING OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS CHANGES IN VIEW... 

Federal and State laws define waste as hazardous if it is ignitable, corrosive, reactive, or toxic. Other wastes are listed by name. These may differ from lists of hazardous materials, which are regulated by OSHA and Right-to-Know. The Standard Industrial Classifications (SICs) of a physician s medical office and a dentist s office are 8011 and 8021, respectively. 

Corrositex uses a synthetic membrane-based detection system to determine the UN packing group classification of chemicals, consumer products, or other hazardous materials. 

NFPA Hazard Classifications — The indicated ratings are given in "Fire Protection Guide on Hazardous Materials," National Fire Protection Association. The classifications are defined in Table 1. 

The terphenyl—quaterphenyl heat-transfer medium (Table 4), sold as Therminol 75 heat-transfer fluid, is shipped in drums, tank car, or tank truck lots. Its U.S. freight classification is Heat-Transfer Media, NOIBN. The material does not require a DOT hazardous material label, but does fall under the hazardous chemical criteria of the OSHA Hazards Communications Standard (19 CFR 1910.1200). 

Some bromine compounds are covered specifically under Hazardous Materials Regulations. Other compounds may usually be shipped under the classification of chemicals, not otherwise indexed by name, without special requirements unless from their nature they would fall under a category such as combustible liquid, compressed gas, corrosive liquid (or solid), disinfectant liquid (or solid), dmg, dye intermediate (liquid), fire extinguisher, flammable gas (liquid or solid), insecticide, medicine, oxidizer or oxidizing material, poisonous liquid (gas or solid), solvent, or tear gas. Specific provisions apply to each of these categories and appropriate packaging and labeling are required. 

Potassium compounds listed as hazardous substances by the U.S. EPA are given in Table 17. The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) maintains a Hazardous Materials Table that designates the listed materials as hazardous for the purpose of transportation, packaging, and labeling (50). Potassium compound DOT hazard classifications are also listed in Table 17. 

This Report is concerned with classification of hazardous waste for purposes of disposal. However, the principles and concepts embodied in the waste classification system could be applied in classifying hazardous materials for any other purpose. The classification system is intended to be applied to hazardous waste prior to disposal. It is not intended to be applied to screening or ranking of contaminated sites, including existing hazardous waste disposal sites, because these activities involve site-specific considerations that cannot be included in a generally applicable waste classification system. However, any wastes exhumed from contaminated sites that then require disposal would be included in the waste classification system. 

Thus, the basic elements of the proposed classification system are, first, that there should be a general class of waste that contains sufficiently small concentrations of radionuclides or hazardous chemicals that it can be exempted from regulatory control as hazardous material and, second, that there should be two classes of nonexempt waste that contain increasing concentrations of hazardous substances and require dedicated disposal systems that provide increased waste isolation. 

The definition of exempt waste requires further elaboration. Although this Report is concerned with classification of waste for purposes of disposal, NCRP recognizes that some materials that contain only low concentrations of regulated hazardous substances may have beneficial uses if they could be exempted from regulatory control as hazardous material. 

The purpose of this Report is to set forth the technical principles and framework for a comprehensive and risk-based hazardous waste classification system. In this context, waste is any material that has insufficient value to justify further beneficial uses, and thus must be managed at a cost. Hazardous waste is waste that can be harmful to biological organisms, due to the presence of radioactive substances or chemicals that are deemed hazardous, to the extent that it must be regulated. Hazardous waste excludes material that is simply useless (e.g., typical household trash). This work is comprehensive because it considers all hazardous wastes irrespective of their source.1... 

This Report is concerned with classification of waste. However, NCRP s assumption that hazardous waste should be classified based on considerations of health risks posed by its constituents also could be used in classifying hazardous materials for such other purposes as transportation or their beneficial use in commerce. 

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