Hard Rock Laboratory

Fig. 5. Colloid concentrations determined under in situ conditions at the Aspo hard rock laboratory, Sweden. Analysis of colloids has been performed on line by (a) using a mobile laser-induced breakdown detection (LIBD) arrangement, and (b) DOC analysis of collected samples in the laboratory (Hauser et al. 2003). Bars in the upper diagram represent colloid concentration ranges detected during the campaign. Colloid concentrations and DOC are plotted against salinity expressed as the groundwater CP concentration (lower x-axis) and ionic strength (upper x-axis).

HELP HEU HFO HFR HLW HREE HRL HT HTGR HWR Hydrological evaluation of landfill performance Highly enriched uranium Hydrous ferrous oxide or ferric hydroxide Hot fractured-rock High-level nuclear waste Heavy rare earth elements (Gd-Lu) Hard rock laboratory High temperature High-temperature gas-cooled reactor Heavy water reactor... 

In order to further develop all scientific and technical aspects of the disposal of SNF in crystalline rock the Aspo Hard Rock Laboratory was established in the vicinity of Oskarshamn NPP. There is a clear commitment from SKB NOT to use the laboratory for disposal it will only be used for R D. 

Banwart, S., Tullborg, E.-L., Pedersen, K. et al. (1996). Organic carbon oxidation induced by largescale shallow water intrusion into a vertical fracture zone at the Asp5 Hard Rock Laboratory (Sweden). Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 21, 115-25. 

Pedersen, K., Arlinger, J., Ekendahl, S. Hallbeck, L. (1996). 16S rRNA gene diversity of attached and unattached groundwater bacteria along the access tunnel to the Asp5 Hard Rock Laboratory, Sweden. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 19, 249-62. 

Blyth A. (2001) Aspo Hard Rock Laboratory, Matrix Fluid Experiment—Fluid Inclusions Investigation of Quartz. International Technical Document 01-06, Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company (SKB), Stockholm, Sweden, 20p. 

Stanfors R., Rhen I., Tullborg E. L., and Wikberg P. (1999) Overview of geological and hydrogeological conditions of the Aspo hard rock laboratory site. Appl. Geochem. 14, 819-834. 

Wallin B. and Peterman Z. E. (1999) Calcite fracture fillings as indicators of paleohydrology at Laxemar at the Aspo Hard Rock Laboratory, southern Sweden. Appl. Geochem. 14, 953-962. 

Wickberg, P. E. Gustafson, I RhEn, and R, Stanfors, 1991. Aspo hard rock laboratory, evaluation and conceptual modelling based on the pre-investigations 1986-1990. Report SKB TR 91-22. Stockholm, Sweden Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Mgmt. Co. 

Neretnieks 1. Interpretation of some in-situ tracer test experiments in fractured crystalline rock at Aspo hard rock laboratory. Paper presented at this congress, 2003... 

Winberg A., Andersson P., Hermanson J., Byegard J., Cvetkovic V., Birgersson L. Final report of the first stage of the tracer retention understanding experiments. Technical Report, TR 00-07, Aspo Hard Rock Laboratory, March 2000. 

GEOMOD - AN INTEGRATED GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL OF THE ASPO HARD ROCK LABORATORY, SWEDEN... 

Prototype Repository is the short name for Full-scale test of the KBS-3 method for deep geological disposal of spent nuclear fuel in crystalline rock , an international EC supported experiment being performed at the Aspo Hard Rock Laboratory (Sweden). The KBS-3 method was initially developed in Sweden and refers to the following main characteristics ... 

Goudarzi, R. Borgesson, L. 2003. Prototype Repository. Sensors Data Report (Period 010917-030301). Report n" 5. Aspo Hard Rock Laboratory, International Progress Report IPR-03-23, SKB Sweden. 

Svemar, Ch. Pusch, R. 2000. Prototype Repository. Project description FlKW-CT-2(XX)-00055. Aspo Hard Rock Laboratory. International Progress Report, IPR-00-31. SKB, Sweden. 

INTERPRETATION OF SOME IN-SITU TRACER EXPERIMENTS IN FRACTURED CRYSTALLINE ROCK AT ASPO HARD ROCK LABORATORY... 

A series of tracer tests were performed at the Aspo hard rock laboratory in Sweden. The tests were performed in a well-characterised rock volume. In this paper two sets of converging flow experiments are discussed. One set is over a distance of about five meters, the TRUE-1 experiments. The other is over 14-33 m in the TRUE-block experiments. The site is in a drift at about 400 m below the ground (Byegard et al. 1998 and Andersson et al. 2001). 

A tunnel will be excavated at the 450-m level of Aspb Hard Rock Laboratory parallel to O2, The pillar for the experiment will be created by boring two large holes, 01.8m by 6m deep, in the floor of the tunnel such that aim thick pillar remains between the hole walls (Fig. 1). It is anticipated that the pillar at this stage will respond elastically. To increase the pillar stresses, to induct brittle failure, the pillar will be heated by electrical heaters in small diameter boreholes. The resulting thermal expansion will elevate the pillar stresses... 

Nordlund,E., Chunlin, B. Carlsson, B. 1999. Aspo Hard Rock Laboratory, Prototype repository. Mechanical properties of the diorite in the prototype repository at Aspb HRL -Laboratory tests. SKB, IPR-99-25. 

The approach to the Rock Mechanics Site Descriptive Model was tested by predicting the rock mechanics properties of a 600 m x 180 m x 120 m rock volume at the Aspb Hard Rock Laboratory (HRL) in Sweden using limited borehole data of the type typically obtained during a site investigation (Hudson, 2002). These predicted properties were then compared with best estimate properties obtained from a study of the test rock volume using additional tunnel and tunnel borehole data. This exercise was known as the Test Case, and directly indicates how some of the input required for modelling can be specified and tested. 

The DFN simulation cases were constructed to emulate the hydraulic behaviour of a typical Swedish granitic rock volume. In an earlier study (Gutters et al., 2(XX)), the geometric and hydraulic properties of the DFN model were based on the prototype repository and the TRUE Block Scale site at the Aspo Hard Rock Laboratory, Sweden. Since then, the DFN for the prototype repository was updated, Stigsson et al. (2001) carried out an extensive analysis of pump tests which has led to an improved understanding of the fracture set definition and their hydraulic properties their model was used in Gutters (2002). 

Sweden has a transport system, a repository for operational waste, an interim storage facility for spent fuel, a canister laboratory and an imdeigroimd hard rock laboratory. Sweden began siting studies for a deep repository in 1992 and test drilling at two sites is expected to start in 2002. The initial operation of a deep repository is expected arotmd 2012. The Aspo Hard Rock Laboratory provides an important scientific and technical basis for the implementation and operation of a futirre repository in Sweden. 

May be, time is not yet ripe for my proposal. On the other hand there exists a long and very successful history with regard to international cooperation in the area of research and development. There is quite a number of bi-, tri- or multilateral contracts for cooperation. Underground researdi laboratories were and are used commonly by several nations. You all know the names, like Asse salt mine, Stripa project, Felslabor Grimsel, URL near Pinawa, Aspo Hard Rock Laboratory, Just to mention a few. International exchange of results and free, open technical discussions are well established in oiu field. 

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