Green acid

Great Salt Lake Greek fire Green acids Green beer... 

Petroleum sulfonic acids may be divided roughly into those soluble in hydrocarbons and those solnble in water. Because of their color, hydrocarbon-soluble acids are referred to as mahogany acids, and the water-soluble acids are referred to as green acids. The composition of each type varies with the nature of the oil sulfonated and the concentration of acids produced. In general, those formed during light acid treatment are water soluble oil-soluble acids result from more drastic sulfonation. 

By reacting apatite with sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and gypsum will result. Most phosphoric acid is produced in this way and is normally used as raw material (green acid) to produce fertilizers. A small amount, however, is further refined to phosphoric acid of food grade quality. 

In this work, the performance of two green acid catalysts, a Ti02 synthesized by the sol-gel method and sulfated in situ was compared with a traditional NiY zeolite in the trimerization of isobutene. The reaction was carried out at mild conditions atmospheric pressure and 40°C of temperature. The results obtained in the catalytic evaluation showed higher conversion and stability as well as a better selectivity to tri-isobutylene for the sulfated titania catalyst with respect to the NiY zeolite. 

Several authors suggest the use of the NiY zeolite and Ni/Si-Al as catalysts for the oligomerization of isobutene [7-9]. The aim of this work is to compare the performance of two different green acid catalysts in situ sulfated Ti02 synthesized by the sol-gel method [22] with NiY zeolite, in the gas phase trimerization of isobutene at mild pressure and temperature conditions atmospheric pressure and 40°C, in terms of activity, selectivity and stability. 

From about 1930 onwards, developments in the field of naphthoquinone dyes concentrated on the use of naphthazarin and intermediates for the preparation of violet, blue, and green acid and disperse dyes [1]. More recently there has been interest in the synthesis and color and constitution properties of simple colored naphthoquinones, stimulated by the fact that such dyes have similar tinctorial properties to the anthraquinones but a smaller molecular size. The naphthoquinones provide a useful alternative to the anthraquinones for certain specialized applications, e g., as pleochroic dyes with improved solubility for liquid-crystal displays. As a result, research interest in these chromogens remains unabated, even though they have failed to make any major impact as textile dyes [2-8],... 

Calcination. Phosphate rock normally is used as a dry rock or in slurry form. However, in some cases, particularly where the raw phosphate is high in carbonaceous matter or it is desirable to have a clean acid, the rock is calcined. Also, in a few cases, the phosphate rock is calcined, the product slaked, and free lime separated as a beneficiation step. Calcination is energy intensive and produces a less reactive rock and, in some cases, a less filterable gypsum. Therefore, the use of calcination is diminishing, and is being replaced by a wet oxidation step to produce green acid.16 In separating calcium carbonate, flotation, where it is successful, is favored over calcination because of its lower cost. 

Sulphur dioxide reduces the acid solution to cyanoplatinous acid. Heated to 120° C. the solid green acid is converted into a light yellow residue consisting mainly of platinum tricyanide, Pt(CN)3. 

Titration is carried out to a colorless endpoint, which is usually very sharp. Knecht has titrated fuchsin, eosin, malachite green, acid... 

Disposition in the Body. Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and readily penetrates the skin. It is metabolised by conjugation to yield phenyl glucuronide and phenyl sulphate small amounts are oxidised to catechol and quinol which are also conjugated. Oxidation of these metabolites to quinones may tint the urine green. Acid-labile phenol conjugates are present endogenously in serum at concentrations of about 0.1 pg/ml. Phenol is a metabolite of benzene. 

Interestingly, aU annelated 2-ammopyridines 109-111 are highly fluorescent and the luminescence color of the pyrido(2,3-h)azepines 111 is highly protochromic in a small p// range and can be shifted from blue (alkaline) to green (acidic) [285]. 

The taste of fresh kiwi fruit is refreshing with a very clean acid juice. Its aroma is green like a fresh cut apple with fresh strawberries and gooseberries. Overripe, stale or cooked kiwis have lost their refreshing green, acid character and develop a dull, fatty, estery fruity, non characteristic flavour. 

Although there are many different cultivars of plums, we can describe their flavour in general as very sweet to green, acid with a pronounced heavy, sweet, floral, lac-tony , spicy, fruity aroma. 

Green acids water-soluble products from the refining of mineral (white) oil... 

Sulphonic acid mixture + NaOH Mahogany acid soaps + green acid soaps... 

Mahogany acid soaps are oil soluble, whereas green acid soaps, so named because of their characteristic colour, are water soluble. The use of natural sulphonates in lubricants has decreased in recent years, mainly due to cost and availability issues. Synthetic sulphonates have replaced them where possible, although a demand for natural sulphonates remains in certain applications. 

With the two disubstituted anthraquinonic dyes (Green acid 25 and Violet alizarin R), the influence of the position of the substituents on the UV-visible absorption can be discussed. Green acid 25 is a 1,4 disubstituted anthraquinone, while Violet alizarin R is a 1,5 one (Fig. 10). 

Hydroxy-3-methyl-2- Hexanoic acid cyclopenten-l-one (Green, Acid) (Caramel-like)... 

Hydrochloric acid, HCl, (1 1), 25 mL/S Mixed indicator. Methylene blue Methyl red, pH change 5.4 (base form - green acid form - lavender) pH indicator paper, wide range, 10 cm/S... 

Dfiuilia Test Paper. Mode from an infusion of the petals of the violet dahlia (georgiua purpurea) alkalies turn it green acids, red strong caustic alkalies turn it yellow. This is a very delicate test paper. The juice of elderberries will make a similar test uaper. 

Excess Acid. The helpful function of excess sulfuric acid as an inexpensive, low-viscosity solvent for most sulfonic acids is often overlooked because of the difficulty of recovering a product dissolved in it, or because of the disposal problem often encountered. Sulfonation of most of the hydroxyl, amino, nitro, and carboxylic derivatives of benzene, naphthalene, and anthraquinone is facilitated in this manner by the presence of excess acid. The same effect applies to anthraquinone itself, to petroleum lubricant fractions during sulfonation to mahogany and green acids, and to the sulfation of fatty oils. Chlorosulfonic acid, used in large excess for the conversion of aromatic compounds to sulfonyl chlorides by chlorosulfona-tion, functions in a similar manner. 

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