Glycols properties

Dow Chemical Company, "Glycols Properties and Uses", product bulletin, Midland, MI. 

WRITEC, ) FOR ETHYLENE GLYCOL PROPERTIES AT T.C WRITEC, ) INPUT RHO kg/mA3 ... 

Solvent X Diethylene glycol Properties of solvent pairs 291 UNIFAC contributions CHi 3 OH 2 CH2O 1... 

Definition Coordination complex of aluminum chlorohydrate and propylene glycol in which some of the water molecules have been displaced by the propylene glycol Properties Sol. in alcohol Uses Antiperspirant agent, astringent in cosmetics OTC drug active Trade Name Synonyms Reach 301 PG Powd. [Reheis http //www.reheis.com], Reach 301 PG 30 Soiution [Reheis http //www.reheis.com], Rehydroi ii [Reheis http //www.reheis.com]... 

Definition Epoxidized brominated neopentyl glycol Properties Clear liq. dens. 1.504 m.p. 254 C flash pt. 235 F ref. index 1.5120... 

Polybutadiene glycol Properties M.w. 1350-2800 Uses Cable joint potting compds. pipe sealants alkyd resin modifier PU adhesives binder rocket fuel binder... 

Suitable MPEG mw = 5,000 was obtained from Fluka AG, Buchs, Switzerland, a) Technical Bulletin Poly gly cols Hoechst. Polyethylene Glycols Properties and Applications. Hoechst, Frankfurt (1983) b) J. Dale, Isr. J. Chem., 1980,20, 3. 

CH3 CH0H CH20H, a colourless, almost odourless liquid. It has a sweet taste, but is more acrid than ethylene glycol b.p. 187. Manufactured by heating propylene chlorohydrin with a solution of NaHCO under pressure. It closely resembles dihydroxyethane in its properties, but is less toxic. Forms mono-and di-esters and ethers. Used as an anti-freeze and in the preparation of perfumes and flavouring extracts, as a solvent and in... 

Homologous mono-alkyl ethers of ethylene glycol, such as monoethyl glycol (or 2-ethoxyethanol), HOC2H4OC2H5, form excellent solvents as they combine to a large extent the solvent properties of alcohols and ethers. The monoethyl and the monomethyl members have the technical names of ethyl cellosolve and methyl cellosolve respectively. Dioxan... 

HC0N(CH3)2, also possess exceptional solvent properties. The alkyl-glycols, dioxan and dimethyl-formamide should be used with caution, however, as their hot vapours are poisonous. 

Physical Properties. All colourless liquids, completely miscible with water, except benzyl alcohol and cyclohexanol, which are slightly soluble. Pure glycol and glycerol have high viscosity, which falls as the hygroscopic liquids absorb water from the air. 

The monoalkyl ethers with R = CHj, CjHj and C4H, , known respectively as methyl ceUoaolve, ceUosolve and hutyl cellosolve, are of great commercial value, particularly as solvents, since they combine the properties of alcohols and ethers and are miscible with water. Equally important compounds are the carbitols (monoalkyl ethers of diethyleneglycol) prepared by the action of ethylene oxide upon the monoethers of ethylene glycol ... 

Butanediol. 1,4-Butanediol [110-63-4] tetramethylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol, was first prepared in 1890 by acid hydrolysis of N,]S3-dinitro-l,4-butanediamine (117). Other early preparations were by reduction of succinaldehyde (118) or succinic esters (119) and by saponification of the diacetate prepared from 1,4-dihalobutanes (120). Catalytic hydrogenation of butynediol, now the principal commercial route, was first described in 1910 (121). Other processes used for commercial manufacture are described in the section on Manufacture. Physical properties of butanediol are Hsted in Table 2. 

Table 5 Hsts the principal commercially available acetylenic alcohols and glycols Tables 6 and 7 Hst the physical properties of acetylenic alcohols and glycols, respectively.

Vinyl Ethers. The principal commercial vinyl ethers are methyl vinyl ether (methoxyethene, C H O) [107-25-5], ethyl vinyl ether (ethoxyethene, C HgO) [104-92-2], and butyl vinyl ether (1-ethenyloxybutane, C H 20) [111-34-2]. (See Table 8 for physical properties.) Others such as the isopropyl, isobutyl, hydroxybutyl, decyl, hexadecyl, and octadecyl ethers, as well as the divinyl ethers of butanediol and of triethylene glycol, have been offered as development chemicals (see Ethers). 

Other constituents may be added to assist in the formation of uniform beads or to influence the use properties of the polymers through plasticization or cross-linking. These include lubricants, such as lauryl or cetyl alcohol and stearic acid, and cross-linking monomers such as di- or trivinylbenzene, diaHyl esters of dibasic acids, and glycol dimethacrylates. 

Actinide ions form complex ions with a large number of organic substances (12). Their extractabiUty by these substances varies from element to element and depends markedly on oxidation state. A number of important separation procedures are based on this property. Solvents that behave in this way are thbutyl phosphate, diethyl ether [60-29-7J, ketones such as diisopropyl ketone [565-80-5] or methyl isobutyl ketone [108-10-17, and several glycol ether type solvents such as diethyl CeUosolve [629-14-1] (ethylene glycol diethyl ether) or dibutyl Carbitol [112-73-2] (diethylene glycol dibutyl ether). 

Triethylene glycol dinitrate (TEGDN) is an explosive plasticizer of low sensitivity that has been used in some nitroceUulose-base propellant compositions, often in combination with metriol trinitrate. Butanetriol trinitrate has been used occasionally as an explosive plasticizer coolant in propellants. Its physical properties are Hsted in Table 7. 

Trimethylolethane trinitrate (metriol trinitrate) is not satisfactory as a plasticizer for nitrocellulose, and must be used with other plasticizers such as metriol triacetate. Mixtures with nitroglycerin tend to improve the mechanical properties of double-base cast propellants at high and low temperatures. Metriol trinitrate has also been used in combination with triethylene glycol dinitrate as a plasticizer for nitrocellulose. Its physical properties are Hsted in Table 7 (118-122). 

Standard polyester fibers contain no reactive dye sites. PET fibers are typically dyed by diffusiag dispersed dyestuffs iato the amorphous regions ia the fibers. Copolyesters from a variety of copolymeri2able glycol or diacid comonomers open the fiber stmcture to achieve deep dyeabiHty (7,28—30). This approach is useful when the attendant effects on the copolyester thermal or physical properties are not of concern (31,32). The addition of anionic sites to polyester usiag sodium dimethyl 5-sulfoisophthalate [3965-55-7] has been practiced to make fibers receptive to cationic dyes (33). Yams and fabrics made from mixtures of disperse and cationicaHy dyeable PET show a visual range from subde heather tones to striking contrasts (see Dyes, application and evaluation). 

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