Property and Preparation of Triethylene Glycol Dinitrate

Triethylene glycol dinitrate, as one of the most wide used nitrate esters, is also called binitro triethylene glycol, or nitrified triethylene glycol. 

Hygroscopicity 0144 at relative humidity of 65, similar with diethylene dinitrate Volatihty about 1/5-1/6 value of nitroglycerine. 

The explosion heat of triethylene glycol dinitrate is 3,138 J/g and the explosion heat of constant volume is 2629.2 J/g or 613.37 kJ/mol. Its specific volume is 1,214 mL/g (liquid water). The explosion temperature is 2,100 K. Its lead-block value is 320 mL. The coeflbcient of explosion heat is 26.07 J/g. The heat coefiicient is 44.18 J/g. The coefficient of specific volume is 12.13 mL/g. The explosion point is 245 °C. Triethylene glycol dinitrate is insensitive to shock. Its shock sensitivity is similar with dinitrobenzene. The height is 100 cm for 2 kg falling weight. 

Triethylene glycol dinitrate has the same production process as nitroglycerine and diethylene glycol dinitrate, including mechanism, method, unit, and procedme. The main reaction is expressed as the following equation  

The theoretical yield is 160 %, but the real yield is only 89.2 % of the theoretical yield with the maximum of up to 91.55 %. The main conditions are shown below. 

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