Glass fabric

Strands of glass, (usually E glass) are mechanically cut into lengths from 0.25 to 2 in. and are used to reinforce molding compounds. The longer lengths are used with thermoset resins whereas the short fibers are used with thermoplastic polymers. 

Glass strands are cut and dipped into a moving conveyer belt where a polymer binder is applied to hold the mat together. Mat weights vary from 0.75 to 3 oz./ft. in widths up to 10 ft. 

Continuous strand mats are produced by continuously depositing the uncut strands in a swirling pattern onto a moving belt where a binder is applied. Continuous strand mats exhibit better physical properties than cut strand mats, but the material is less homogenous. Continuous mats vary in weight from 0.75 to 4.5 oz./ft. and are available in widths up to 6 ft. 

Woven roving is a mat fabric made by weaving multiple strands collected into a roving and into a coarse fabric. The physical properties of woven roving are intermediate between mats and fabrics. Various thicknesses are available in widths up to 10 ft. These constructions are used in low-pressure laminations and poltrusions. 

Reinforced polymers make use of many different glass fabrics. E glass is used in most and filament laminates of D, G, H, and K are common. Strands of glass filaments are plied into yams and woven into fabrics on looms. The machine direction of the loom is called the warp whereas the cross section is the welt (also called woof or fill ). The number of yarns can be varied in both warp and welt to control the weight, thickness, appearance, and strength of fabric. 

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R. Dennis and co-workers, "Filtration Model for Coal Fly Ash with Glass Fabrics," EPA Rpt. EPA-600/7-77-095a, NTIS Pub. PB 276-489j MS, August 1977. 

Dispersion Processing. A commercial aqueous dispersion of Teflon PEA 335 contains more than 50 wt % PEA particles, about 5 wt % surfactants and fillers. This dispersion is processed by the same technique as for PTEE dispersion. It is used for coating various surfaces, including metal, glass, and glass fabrics. A thin layer of Teflon PEA coating can also serve as an adhesive layer for PTEE topcoat. 

Glass-Based Grades. Grade G-3 is glass fabric with phenohc resin binder which shows high impact and flexural strength. It is used for thermal and mechanical apphcations and has good dimensional stabihty. 

Grade G-9, glass fabric with moisture-resistant melamine resin binder, is similar to Grade G-5 but with better electric strength properties under wet conditions. Electrical appHcations should be limited to operating temperatures of 50°C (122°F) or less. 

Grade G-10, glass fabric with epoxy resin binder, has extremely high mechanical strength (flexural, impact, and bonding) at room temperature and good dielectric loss and electric strength properties under both dry and humid conditions. 

Grade G-11, glass fabric with heat-resistant epoxy resin binder, has properties similar to those of Grade G-10 at room temperature and, in addition, has high retention of flexural strength at elevated temperatures. 

Waterproof. Waterproofing barrier systems may be either hot- or cold-appHed. The hot-appHed generaUy involve a bituminous material such as asphalt used in conjunction with a reinforcing fabric such as roofing felt, cotton, or glass cloth. Cold-appHed can be bituminous or elastomeric materials either in Hquid or sheet form, with or without fabric reinforcement. Liquid elastomeric treatments include neoprene, polyurethanes, and blends of these or epoxies with bituminous materials. Among the commonly used precured elastomeric sheet materials are neoprene, polyisobutylene, EPDM mbber, and plasticized PVC. Polyethylene and PVC films and nonwoven plastic or glass fabric coated with bituminous materials also find use (78). Because these... 

The reaction product of 4,4 -bismaleimidodiphenylmethane and 4,4 -diaminophenylmethane, known as Kerimide 601 [9063-71-2] is prepolymerized to such an extent that the resulting prepolymer is soluble in aprotic solvents such as /V-methy1pyrro1idinone [872-50-4] dimethylformamide [68-12-2] and the like, and therefore can be processed via solution techniques to prepreg. Kerim ide 601 is mainly used in glass fabric laminates for electrical appHcations and became the industry standard for polyimide-based printed circuit boards (32). 

Two resin systems based on this chemical concept are commercially available from Shell Chemical Company/Technochemie under the COMPIMIDE trademark COMPIMIDE 183 (34) [98723-11-2], for use in printed circuit boards, and COMPIMIDE 796 [106856-59-1], as a resin for low pressure autoclave mol ding (35). Typical properties of COMPIMIDE 183 glass fabric—PCB laminates are provided in Table 8. COMPIMIDE 183 offers a combination of advantageous properties, such as a high glass transition temperature, low expansion coefficient, and flame resistance without bromine compound additives. 

Properties measured using 1—1.5 mm laminates glass fabric U.S. 2116, resin content 45% by weight. 

Multilayer Insulation Miiltilayer insulation consists of alternating layers of highly reflec ting material, such as aluminum foil or aluminized Mylar, and a low-conduc tivity spacer material or insulator, such as fiberglass mat or paper, glass fabric, or nylon net, all under high vacuum. When properly applied at the optimum density, this type of insulation can have an apparent thermal conduc tivity as low as 10 to 50 jlW/m-K between 20 and 300 K. 

Glass fabric tiigb strength and beat resistance. Can be impregnated with IP E for bigb cbemical resistance. 

Property Unit Paper for h.t. insulation Paper for it. insulation Fine fabric Asbestos felt Glass fabric... 

The chassis is made from a 1/4 in. sheet of either ABS or TPO vacuum formed into a tub and reinforced with reinforced pultruded glass fiber-TS polyester plastic tubing. The hood and other products are being made from a 20 mm thick sandwich of thermo-formed PPO-alloy skins, glass fabric infused with thermosetting vinyl ester, and a urethane foam core. The bumper and front fascia is thermoformed from a polyolefin elastomer sheet with an UV-resistant cap layer of DuPont s Tediar PVF film. The dash and... 

Quadraxially oriented (four directional layer) glass fabric-TS vinyl ester polyester RP sheet panels with a foam core and gel coating are used. Most of the panels are 3 mm thick with molded-in rib structure supports. Body skins are bonded to the chassis with a double-stick acrylic tape developed by 3M Co. as well as mechanical fasteners. Unlike most steel designs, no B-pillar structural component between the front and rear doors is required thus providing more interior space and easy entry since doors open in opposite directions. 

Fig. 8-56 Properties of style 181 glass fabric (bidirectional type) parallel lay-up with 60wt% glass content.

Canvas and other fabrics and films are used to realize structures. According to the usage, the materials are standard, such as PVC-coated fabrics, or sophisticated, such as PTFE-coated glass fabrics... 

Coating with Bulk Polybutadiene. E-glass fabric was embedded In Firestone s Diene 35 NFA using procedures very similar to those used to prepare peel test specimens. Rubber, which had been mill-mixed with 0.05% dlcumyl peroxide, was premolded between Mylar sheets to the desired thlckness(0.308, 0.151, or 0.100 cm) and size ( 30.5 X 18 cm) by molding for 1 hour at 60 C. and 40,000 lbs/5" ram. Fabric was cut so that the final size was at least one Inch smaller than the rubber sheets In all directions. A sandwich was made from the fabric and two premolded rubber sheets of the same thickness and about half the total thickness of the final sandwich. The sandwich was cured In a press for 2 hours at 150°C and 5000 lbs/5" ram. In the cured specimen the fabric was embedded In the center of the molded specimen (0.15 -0.40 In thick). Samples were Immensed In alkali before cutting to size for tensile tests. 

Note 3 The substrate is usually a sheet-like woven or non-woven material (e.g., glass fabric, paper, copper foil). 

Quartz batting sandwiched between AFRSI quartz and fibrous glass fabric Nylon felt with a silicone rubber FRSI coating Silica tiles, borosilicate glass coating insulation HRSI with silicon boride added... 

Isoteraglas Isocyanate elastomer-coated Dacron glass fabric Natvar Corp. 

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