Sheet rubber

Rubber sheeting Rubber, soft Rubber solvent Rubber, synthetic... 

ASTM D4637, Standard Specification for Vulcanized Rubber Sheet Used in Single-Ply Roof Membrane, ASTM, Philadelphia, Pa. 

Compressed asbestos-rubber sheet To 700 Large number of combinations available properties vary widely depending on materials used. 

Rubber media appear as porous, flexible rubber sheets and microporous hard rubber sheets. Commercial rubber media have 1100-6400 holes/in. with pore diameters of 0.012-0.004 in. They are manufactured out of soft rubber, hard rubber, flexible hard rubber and soft neoprene. The medium is prepared on a master form, consisting of a heavy fabric belt, surfaced on one side with a layer of rubber filled with small round pits uniformly spaced. These pits are 0.020 in. deep, and the number per unit area and their surface diameter determine the porosity of the sheet. A thin layer of latex is fed to the moving belt by a spreader bar so that... 

Membranes are applied directly to the metal or concrete surface to protect from corrosion by any liquor that penetrates the brick lining through pores and cracks. Membranes consist of sheet material bonded to the metal or concrete, e.g., flexible PVC sheet, or it may be formed in situ (e.g., polyester resin reinforced with glass fiber, or synthetic rubber sheet, lead, polyisobutylene, polyethylene and asphalt). 

Fell, n. skin, hide, pelt (Rubber) sheet, -ab-falle, m.pl. skin (or hide) parings or cuttings, -eisen,n. knapsack valise mailbag, -leim, m. hide glue, -schmitzer, m. dyer of skins. -spMne, m.pl. hide parings. 

Platten-gewebe, n. lamellar tissue, -glimmer, m. sheet mica, -gummi, n. plate rubber sheet rubber, -kaik, m. slab limestone, -kautschuk, n. plate rubber sheet rubber, -kondensator, m. (Elec.) plate condenser, -kultur, /. plate culture, -kupfer, n. sheet copper, -pulver, n. (Expl.) rolled powder, flake powder, -achale, /. flat dish, specif. Petri dish, -turm, m. plate column, plate tower, -zink, n. slab zinc, plattgedriickt, a. flat-pressed, flattened, plattieren, jj.t. plate clad. 

Two possible forms of membrane are hot applied mastic asphalt or bitumen/butyl rubber sheeting with welded or glued joints. The membrane under the floor slabs has to be lapped with that around the walls. It is essential that the membrane is protected during construction, and a typical arrangement is as shown in Figure 6.15. 

This process is highly suitable for rubbers with poor solubility. In this process, the rubber sheet is soaked in TEOS or quite often in TEOS-solvent mixture and the in situ sUica generation is conducted by either acid or base catalysis. The sol-gel reaction is normally carried out at room temperature. Kohjiya et al. [29-31] have reported various nonpolar mbber-silica hybrid nanocomposites based on this technique. The network density of the rubber influences the swelling behavior and hence controls the silica formation. It is very likely that there has been a graded silica concentration from surface to the bulk due to limited swelling of the rubber. This process has been predominantly used to prepare ionomer-inorganic hybrids by Siuzdak et al. [48-50]. 

We prepared a strip-type specimen (100 X 50 X 2 mm) from the rubber sheet of SBR filled with HAH carbon black (50 phr), vulcanized for 30 min at 155°C. On the specimen, a slit of different lengths (si = 30 mm, S2 = 20 mm, S3= 10 mm) parallel to the extension direction and a notch of different lengths (2 or 5 mm) at the center of the side surface of the specimen perpendicular to the extension direction were made by razor-cutting (see the inserted figure in Figure 18.14). The distance 8 between slits and between the slit Si and the tip of notch was 1 and 3 mm, respectively. The no-slit specimen means that it only includes a notch, without slits. 

Figure 35.43 shows a general layout of a dual-purpose calender line for coating steel cord and textile cord. The heart of the production line is the four-roll calender in an S-configuration. Two mbber sheets are formed in the upper and lower nip. The thin sheets are guided to the middle nip and the cords are coated in the middle nip between the two rubber sheets. Generally outer roll bending is applied on rolls 2 and 3 to compensate the roll deflection caused by the nip force in nip 2. Rolls 1 and 4 can be set crossed respectively to rolls 2 and 3. 

Fig. 97.—Comparison between theoretical and experimental stress-strain curves for vulcanized rubber for elongations =0.40 to 2.0. Points are experimental data those for a <1 were obtained by inflating a rubber sheet. (Treloar. )...

Skin of abdominal area was closely clipped and parathion preparation applied under rubber sheeting. All doses are as parathion. Dust suspension is an aqueous suspension of 15% wettable powder comparable to a spraying application of 3 pounds per 100 gallons)... 

The distortion suffered by calender rolls resulting from the pressure of the rubber running between them. If uncorrected the deflection produces a rubber sheet thicker in the middle than at the edges. See Camber, Crossed Axes and Roll Bending, all techniques to compensate for calender bowl deflection. 

The slight curvature given to calender bowls to counteract the deflection produced when the calender is running, thus enabling a rubber sheet of uniform thickness across its width to be obtained. 

A hollow roller of wood or metal with an internal square housing to fit a suitable shaft, used for winding up fabric, rubber sheet, rubberised fabric, linings, etc. also termed roller or box. Shore Durometer See Durometer. 

In calendering the term indicates poor extensibility of rubber sheet usually due to the use of insufficiently warmed compound. 

A machine fitted with knives, spacer bars, let-off and take-up rollers, used for slitting rubber sheet, rubbered fabric, liner material, polyethylene film, etc., into narrower widths. 

A diagram showing how rubber sheet, fabric, linings, etc., are let off through tensioning devices into calenders, spreading machines, etc., and finally taken up on box rollers. Direction of travel and position of rubber nips are usually included in such diagrams. 

A thin rubber sheet applied in the replacement of the sidewall pattern details in the retreading of pneumatic tyres. A similar film of rubber specially compounded to resist oxygen or ozone or to prevent the migration of carbon black into a lighter rubber, e.g., a tyre white sidewall. 

Wet anti-tack agents can be soap or detergent solutions or suspensions of the dry agents in water. For example, dissolved polymers with non-ionic surface active agents which form a thin layer of polymer on unvulcanised rubber sheets magnesium stearate in water zinc stearate dispersion and aqueous dispersions of fatty acid salts. 

Usually a three-bowl calender is employed wherein the rubber sheet is formed between the upper and middle bowls while the resulting sheet is simultaneously being frictioned into the substrate... 

A more complex form of coating calender is the four-bowl Z or L arrangement. A four-bowl calender can simultaneously apply a rubber coating onto both sides of a fabric. In effect, the No. 1 and 2 bowls and the No. 3 and 4 bowls form pairs where two rubber sheets are produced. The sheets are then laminated to a substrate between the No. 2 and 3 bowls. Very sophisticated devices are usually incorporated into the calender design to control thickness and width of the individual sheets and the resulting laminate. 

The wire beads used are produced from a combination of multi-strand copper, zinc or brass coated high-tensile steel wires. The required number of wires are formed into the required shape and then passed through a cross-head extruder to be coated with rubber compound. The coated wire layers are then formed into a coiled ring and the free wire ends secured together. For certain heavy duty applications use is made of either a light weight rubberised fabric or a small fibre filled rubber sheet to cover the joint area. In some cases the bead construction is also partially vulcanised. 

Lalli, J. H. Hill, A. Demerci, N. Homer, M. Claus, R. O. 2007. Metal rubber sheet and fabric materials. Proc. SPIE Smart Materials and Structures Conference. (San Diego, CA), pp. 6525-6563. 

As a general physical example one may consider a flexible membrane like a thin rubber sheet or a soap film stretched over an irregular support, such as a distorted ring. 

Leave the aspirator on and let air pass through the crystals to help them dry. You can put a thin rubber sheet, a rubber dam, over the funnel. The vacuum pulls it in and the crystals are pressed clean and dry. And you won t have air or moisture blowing through, and possibly decomposing, your product. Rubber dams are neat. 

Application in rubber blends, which used to be an important market for P.R.4, has suffered from increasingly stringent requirements. P.R.4 bleeds considerably during curing into overlaid white rubber sheets, while it hardly bleeds into the fabric backing (Sec. 1.8.3.6). 

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