Gas chromatograph/electron capture detector

Qin BH, Yu BB, Zhang Y, Lin XC. Residual analysis of organochlorine pesticides in soil by gas chromatograph-electron capture detector (gc-ecd) and gas chromatograph-negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry (GC-NCI-MS). Environ. Forensics 2009 10 331-335. 

AgN03 = silver nitrate CICN = cyanogen chloride CN" = cyanide ion CNATC = cyanides not amenable to chlorination (Rosentreter and Skogerboe 1992) AAS = atomic absorption spectroscopy EPA = Environmental Protection Agency FIA = flow injection analysis GC/ECD = gas chromatograph/electron capture detector HCN = hydrogen cyanide NaOH = sodium hydroxide NIOSH = National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health... 

The stream from a gas chromatograph is split, with one segment directed to a commercial electron capture detector and the other to this source. Three responses can be observed (I) an electron capture response from the usual gas chromatograph-electron capture detector combination (2) an electron capture response from the API source, which should duplicate the normal response and (3) a mass spectrometric response based on ions generated under API conditions. 

The analysis scheme implemented at the Cos Cob site used three sets of tools hand-held test kits, an on-site mobile laboratory equipped with gas chromatograph/ electron capture detector (GC/ECD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and an off-site laboratory with rapid turnaround capabilities (<48 h for virtually all analyses). By implementing all of these tools at the same time, the project eliminated the need for multiple sampling events and allowed the team to perform additional real-time sampling, enabling the team to delineate the extent of potential hot spots quickly. 

It is important to place in perspective the relative ionizing radiation dose acquired in common laboratory settings. The most commonly encountered source is a Ni source used in gas chromatographic electron capture detectors and in ion mobility spectrometers (Ref. 1). In both instruments, the source is sealed and has a radioactivity of 15 mCi. The exposures cited refer only to normal operation it does not consider exposures if the device is dismantled or allowed to overheat. 

Solvent extraction followed by gas chromatographic analysis is used to determine paraffin wax antioxidants (qv), ie, butylated hydroxyanisole and butylated hydroxytoluene and other volatile materials. Trace amounts of chlorinated organic compounds, eg, polychlorinated biphenyls, can be deterrnined by using a gas chromatograph with an electron-capture detector (22). 

Several gas-Hquid chromatographic procedures, using electron-capture detectors after suitable derivatization of the aminophenol isomers, have been cited for the deterrnination of impurities within products and their detection within environmental and wastewater samples (110,111). Modem high pressure Hquid chromatographic separation techniques employing fluorescence (112) and electrochemical (113) detectors in the 0.01 pg range have been described and should meet the needs of most analytical problems (114,115). 

A very sensitive method for the determination of MCA in surfactants is a gas chromatographic one [249]. The method is based on the derivatization of the sample with ethanol and subsequent extraction of the derived ester with cyclohexane. The acids are identified and qualified gas chromatographically by the use of an electron capture detector and two capillary columns of varying polarities. The detection limit is 0.2 ppm. 

Kadoum AM. 1968. Cleanup procedure for water, soil, animal, and plant extracts for the use of electron-capture detector in the gas chromatographic analysis of organophosphorus insecticide residues. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 3 247-253. 

Flasks, vacuum filter, Pyrex, 500-mL Flasks, round-bottom boiling, Kontes, 50-mL, T45/50 joint Gas chromatograph, Hewlett-Packard (HP) 5890 equipped with an HP 7673A autosampler and an electron capture detector... 

Automated gel permeation chromatograph (Cleanup XL, Abimed Gilson) equipped with 5-mL loop and chromatographic tube, 25-mm i.d., 600-mm long, filled with 52-g of Bio-Beads, S-X3, 200 00 mesh, 33-cm gel bed length GC Gas chromatograph equipped with a split/splitless injector, autosampler, DB-1 fused-silica column, 30 mx 0.25-mm i.d., 0.25-p.m film thickness and electron capture detector... 

Gas chromatograph equipped with an electron capture detector High-performance liquid chromatograph... 

The CGC analysis of the volatile degradation products were performed using a Perkin-Elmer Sigma 2000 capillary gas chromatograph. The column used was either a fused silica 0.25 micron, bonded methyl silicone (10 m, 0.25 mm I.D.) or a methyl/5% phenyl silicone (15 m 0.25 mm I.D.) bonded phase. The carrier gas was helium and the capillary column head pressure was maintained at 20 psi. The make-up gas for the pulsed electron capture detector (ECD) was 95% Ar/5% methane supplied at a flow rate of 60 ml/min. 

The heptafluorobutyrate derivative was selected for gas chromatographic separation, using electron capture detector (ECD), in order to enable the detection of ultramicro quantities43. The interest in the analysis of natural and synthetic hormones in very small concentrations enhanced the development of the GC method, in comparison with the UV study.44... 

The heptafluorobutyric anhydride derivative of pseudoephedrine and electron capture detector have been used to enhance the sensitivity of the gas chromatographic method. Lin and co-workers36 and Cummins and Fourier37 extracted basefied urine or serum with benzene. Heptafluorobutyric anhydride is added to the benzene extract. The heptafluoro-ibutyric anhydride derivative extracted was chromatographed... 

PGDN was generated from a sample of Otto Fuel II by blowing air across a Pyrex reservoir of the compound to the return air duct of the air conditioner. Eighty percent of the air was recirculated. The concentration of PGDN in the air was monitored continuously by an infrared spectrophotometer and by a gas chromatograph fitted with an electron capture detector. The vaporized Otto Fuel II was 99% pure PGDN as measured by infrared analysis. 

Gooding et al. [9] used DDT-dehydrochlorinase for the identification of DDT in soils. The enzyme converts DDT to DDE which is then determined gas chromatographically on Chromosorb WHMDS at 190°C using an electron capture detector. 

---