Future Technology Development

Although an appreciable amount of information is currently available about the factors affecting the design, performance, and installation of deflagration and detonation flame arresters, there is still a lack of information on many other relevant factors. A number of suggested test procedures and 

There is a need to have all accepted test standards require that deflagration testing he done with a restricted outlet. More research is needed to evaluate the effect of restriction size and location on flame arrester effectiveness. Not all test standards require this for deflagration testing. This is important since protected side restrictions severely reduce flame arrester capability. 

Tests should he performed to determine the effect of varying the gas composition on standard restricted-end deflagrations (RED) results. The present protocols do not require this, nor do they require varying the ignition location despite evidence that this affects flame arrester performance. 

There is a need to develop a standardized test approach to induce an overdriven detonation since the overdriven detonation has the potential of producing the most severe mechanical damage to a flame arrester. 

There is a need to standardize endurance hurtling protocols. 

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This article covers important industrial technologies and the direction of future technological development. The description of alkylation chemistry and conventional alkylation technologies covered in the eadier editions of this Eniyclopedia and other references is minimized (1,2) (see also Eriedel-Crafts reactions). 

Future technology developments in paraffin alkylation will be greatly influenced by environmental considerations. The demand for alkylate product will continue to increase because alkylate is one of the most desirable components in modern low emission gasoline formulations. Increased attention will be focused on improving process safety, reducing waste disposal requirements, and limiting the environmental consequences of any process emissions. 

Physical realizability is often the most difficult of the above three corollary questions to answer. In general, to answer this question it is necessary to know 1) whether the materials and components required by the engineering design are available and 2) whether the manufacturing (and/or fabrication) techniques and skilled craftsmen needed to fabricate the product are also available. These two assessments are difficult to make because they often involve the projection of future technological developments. Technological developments usually do not occur according to schedule. 

Different stakeholders have been interviewed about future technology developments. Over 20 industry partners have been interviewed and given input to assemble a technology picture of the future hydrogen technologies (e.g., for hydrogen pipelines, stacks or electrolysers). 

Fuel Cell Vehicle Demonstration. This project will demonstrate the third generation Ford fuel cell Focus. Five vehicles will operate in Vancouver, beginning in 2004. The project is managed by Fuel Cells Canada and funded by Natural Resources Canada, the government of British Columbia and the National Research Council. Results ofthe demonstration project will be used to influence future technology development. The budget is C 5.8 million over three years. 

Technology as we have witnessed over the years has been outpacing any other development. Some of the developments in technology such as co-extrusion in copper, sintered material objects of required shapes, use of thin-film techniques to produce a tape for electrical connections and the fabrication of tapes and wires of superconductor Nb3Sn lend hope for future technological developments in superconducting rare earth materials such as borocarbides and YBaaCujOy. 

A clear line needs to be drawn between permitted and forbidden experiments with pure-fusion explosions. The Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty does not define matter, and several governments have found it too difficult to anticipate future technological developments to make their own definitive interpretation. 

This critical time in mim s future technological development cannot be pinpointed, but it cannot be too far in the future. The date depends on... 

Stimulation by market need or opportunity that Is, deciding to educate or to do basic research In fields that Judgementally will provide the skill and knowledge base for future technology development. 

This is a simple technique to identify future technological development, to pinpoint key trends and the potential niche positioning these might facilitate. By highlighting a company s limitations in terms of systems, processes, and skills, it is possible to determine areas of the business that require attention. 

Future technology development will be based on automation, process control and intelligent design of stable blend morphology. 

A portion of the available benefits may exist but there is insufficient return on investment to justify the cost of doing so. Rather than exclude them completely the chart includes a justifiable value which is the maximum that could be captured. Future technological developments may bring down costs, and so what is not justifiable today should be occasionally reassessed rather than forgotten. 

The PCP system has a long history from the point of feasibility study and engineering-design, since its invention in the 19th century, however its use for commercial operations is very limited. Recent industrial concerns and trends such as environmental issues have enhanced the attention of the PCP system due to its environmental friendliness and its effectively diversified applications. This paper firstly traces SMI s experiences and operational scheme, as well as SMI s recent potential application, then explains the future technological developments in Japan. 

Relies on existing technology - with appropriate modifications—and can provide an operational transition to future technology developments such as Advanced Fuel Cycles and last reactors. 

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