Advanced fuel cycle

Separation of metal ions based on solvent extraction is widely used in hydrometallurgy, environmental cleanup, and advanced fuel cycles. The focus of this chapter will be on the use of ionic liquids (ILs) as advanced and... 

FIGURE 1.9 Conceptual flowsheet of ARTIST for advanced fuel cycle. 

US Department of Energy. 2005. Advanced fuel cycle initiative (AFCI) Program plan. 

Birkett, J.E., Carrott, M.J., Fox, O.D. et al. 2007. Controlling neptunium and plutonium within single cycle solvent extraction flowsheets for advanced fuel cycles. J. Nucl. Sci. Technol. 44 (3) 337-343. 

Since the launching of the Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative (AFCI) program in the United States, the TRUEX solvent has been integrated in the live-step UREX+ process, initially consisting of live solvent-extraction steps to separate the constituents of dissolved spent nuclear fuels into seven fractions (101) ... 

Herczeg, J.W. 2002. The Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative The future path for advanced spent fuel treatment and transmutation research in the United States. 7th Information Exchange Meeting on Actinide and Fission Product Partitioning and Transmutation, October, Jeju, Repubhc of Korea. 

Laidler, J.J., Bresee, J.C. 2004. The U.S. Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative Development of separations technologies. ATALANTE 2004 Advances for Future Nuclear Cycles, June, Nimes, France. 

Baron, P., Berthon, L., Charbonnel, M.C., Nicol, C. 1997. State of progress of Diamex process. Proceedings of the International Conference on Future Nuclear Systems, Global 97, Challenge Towards Second Nuclear Era with Advanced Fuel Cycles, 5-10 October, Yokohama, Japan. 

Sato, H., et al. (2007), Conceptual Design of the HTTR-IS Hydrogen Production System - Dynamic Simulation Code Development for the Advanced Process Heat Exchangers in the HTTR-IS system , Proc. of International Conference on Advanced Fuel Cycles and Systems (GLOBAL2007), Boise, ID, USA, pp. 812-819. 

A Catalogue of Advanced Fuel Cycles in CANDU-PHW Reactors, Veeder and Didsbury, Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, KOJ 1JO, 1985. 

Report to Congress on Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative The Future Path for Advanced Spent fuel Treatment and Transmutation Research (2003) U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, Science, and Technology. 

HLW from advanced fuel cycles. Advanced fuel cycles that will be considered are plutonium recycling and the LMFBR fuel cycle. There is little difference from LWR waste as far as fission... 

To discuss other properties of advanced fuel>cycle waste, such as chemical composition, is of little use. As yet, the reprocessing technology for advanced fuel cycles is in a very premature state of development. 

There are LWR and LMR advanced fuel-cycle schemes being investigated with potential to improve the proliferation resistance of current reactors. However, they usually require extensive fuel shuffling or fuel modifications to make the fuel less suitable for weapons application. These approaches may be found suitable for large reactors, but they do not appear compatible with small reactors that have a requirement for no on-site refueling. 

What is mentioned above is obviously expected for the nuclear energy in the twenty-first century. Some concepts about FRs as well as LWRs have already been su ested, and their design studies have also been carried out. It is expected that these concepts will be developed and used to create the above mentioned nuclear energy systems the safety systems to be described more simply, the economical nuclear energy systems to be placed near metropolises, and the power supply systems in remote areas far fi"om transmission networks. These ideas are also applicable to other systems such as reprocessing plants instead of one large plant that can reprocess spent fuel for tens of reactors, the installation of smaller plants is under discussion along with the discussion on advanced fuel cycle concepts. 

Advanced fuel cycle (AFC), an extension of RFC in which the wastes are partitioned and some are transmuted (P T) to reduce the long-term radiotoxidty. ... 

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