Pipelines hydrogen

A complete hydrogen pipeline infrastructure would include both transmission and distribution to minimize the overall hydrogen transport cost [6], When one considers the cost for pipeline infrastructure, there will be some semioptimized operating pressure range that determines the overall costs, including the cost of compression based on the distance... 

Because of high capital costs and potential HE of steel pipelines for high-pressure hydrogen transport, the investigation of fiber reinforcement or other plastic composites as substitutes for steels is one of the major R D tasks within the DOE hydrogen delivery program. The purpose of the work is to achieve reduction in installation costs, better reliability, and safer operation of hydrogen pipelines. 

Compressor Technology Candidates for Giga Watt (GW)-Scale Hydrogen Pipeline Transmission... 

Because of the consequence of a failure in a transmission pipeline system, a pilot-scale R D and demonstration pipeline system may be needed before designing commercial large-scale hydrogen pipeline systems. An International Hydrogen Transmission Test Facility (IHTTF) or International Hydrogen Renewable Transmission Demonstration Facility (IHRTDF) has been proposed for this purpose [4,5]. 

Keith, G. and Leighty, W. Transmitting 4,000 MW of New Windpower From North Dakota to Chicago New HVDC Electric Lines or Hydrogen Pipeline, Draft Report, September 28,2002. 

Mohitpour, M., Pierce, C., and Hooper, R. The design and engineering of cross-country hydrogen pipelins. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology, 110,203-207,1988. 

The signs or markers shall include the words "Hydrogen Pipeline," the name of the operating company, and the telephone number where the operating company can be contacted. 

Any notification from an outside source (such as police or fire department, other utility, contractor, customer, or general public) reporting a leak, explosion, or fire that may involve hydrogen pipelines or other hydrogen facilities shall be investigated promptly by the operating company. If the investigation reveals a leak, the leak should be classified and action taken in accordance with the criteria in para. GR-5.20.1. 

This Part sets forth requirements for materials, components, design, fabrication, assembly, erection, inspection, examination, testing, operation, and maintenance of hydrogen pipelines. 

The purpose of this Chapter is to provide requirements for hydrogen pipeline systems covering... 

For use with design option A, prescriptive design method, para. PL-3.7.1(b)(1). Existing hydrogen pipelines not designed to this Code shall use this portion of the Table for location class and MAOP changes. 

Examination of welds must be conducted by NDE personnel. Chapter GR-4 applies. The following examination and tests for quality control of welds on hydrogen pipeline systems must be conducted ... 

Air Products plans on constructing a new hydrogen production plant in Port Arthur, Texas to supply 110 million standard cubic feet per day of hydrogen to Premcor Refining and others on Air Product s Gulf Coast hydrogen pipeline system. 

Pipelines may be the least expensive way to deliver large quantities of hydrogen. Pipelines are the main choice for moving refined petroleum products across the country. They are less than 10% the cost of rail, road or water tankers. The U.S. has almost 200,000 miles of interstate pipelines for petroleum products. There is another 200,000 miles of interstate natural gas pipelines. 

Hydrogen has been assumed to be distributed by means of a hydrogen pipeline grid (main pipelines 50 km, distribution pipelines 5 km) to the filling stations. The electricity requirement for the compression from 2 to 88 MPa at the CGH2 filling station amounts to about 0.070 MJei/MJ of CGH2. 

Hydrogen for industrial facilities is mainly produced where it is also immediately used (so-called captive hydrogen ). Only around 5% of total hydrogen production is sold on the free market and transported in liquid or gaseous form in trailers or pipelines (so-called merchant hydrogen ). Hydrogen pipelines have already been operated by the chemical industry in the United States and in Europe (particularly Germany, France and the Netherlands) for decades (see also Chapter 12). 

Dormagen and from chlorine-alkali electrolysis in Leverkusen, to feed this into the hydrogen pipeline network of the... 

Figure 12.1. Hydrogen pipeline network in North-western Europe (Roads2HyCom, 2007).

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