Fungicides chelating

Use Precipitating and separating metals, preparation of fungicides, chelating agent, disinfectant. 

Gluconal . [AkzoBV] Gluconate salts bactericide, fungicide chelating agent for alkaline media mineral source for health foods, pharmaceuticals. 

Uses Wetting agent, dispersant, emulsifier used in insecticides, herbicides, fungicides chelating agent for 24D and 45T amines Properties Brn. powd. water sol. 95% act. 

Bunte salts have bacterial, insecticidal, and fungicidal properties, and are also used as chelating agents (qv) or surfactants (qv) (97,98). Bunte salts have been tested for preirradiation protection for mammals exposed to lethal radiation doses (99,100) (see Radioprotectiveagents). 

Uses Stabilizing rubber latex solvent for albumin, casein, shellac, and sulfur neutralizing oils in antifreeze as a corrosion inhibitor emulsifier adhesives textile lubricants fungicides manufacturing chelating agents such as EOT A (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) dimethylol-ethylene-urea resins organic synthesis. 

As an example of the techniques/ Figure 4 shows a comparison of the fungicidally active RR- diclobutrazol with the natural substrate lanosterol. The sterol C-32 alcohol is chelated to the iron porphyrin. The three central features of the model cytochrome P-450 can be elucidated. The hydrophobic binding site, the polar region between this hydrophobic region and the heme plane/ and a common complexation to the porphyrin iron. 

Perhaps the most significant benzopyridine fungicides are the normal metal chelate compounds derived from 8-hydroxyquinoline (33), itself manufactured from quinoline by sulfonation/caustic fusion. Applications of (33) have been reviewed (56CRV217). Related compounds include quinacetol sulfate (34) (B-77MI20901) and halacrinate (35) (B-77MI20901). 

Once the fungicides penetrate to the cell membrane or into the cytoplasm they may operate by devious means to disrupt vital functions. There is substantial evidence that the quinones immobilize the sultliydryl and imino prosthetic group of enzymes. The 8-hydroxyquinoline and dithiocarbamate compounds are active against copper and other metallic members of an enzyme system, presumably hy their ability to chelate metals. Heavy metals such as mercury alTect certain enzymes such as amylases and may serve as general protein precipitants. 

In human applications, bis(pyridine-2-thiol-l-oxidato)zinc chelate has bacteriocidal and fungicidal properties comparable with selenium sulphide but is less toxic to mammals, making it suitable for controlling dandruff and seborrhoeic dermatitis138. ... 

Dithiocarbamate fungicides consist of metal salts of dimethylthiocarbamate and ethylenebis-dithiocarbamate anions, as shown in Figure 17.5. These fungicides are named in accordance with the metal ion present. For example, the manganese salt of dimethyldithiocarbamate is called maneb, and the zinc and sodium salts are zineb and nabam, respectively. The iron salt of ethylenebisdithio-carbamate is called ferbam, and the zinc salt of this ion is called ziram. These salts are chelates (Section 2.3) in which two S atoms from the ethylenebisdithiocarbamate anion are bonded to the same metal ion in a ring structure. 

Ethylenediamine is used to produce chelating agents and carbamate fungicides. Monoethanolamine (MEA), reacts with ammonia and hydrogen to produce ethylenediamine. The reaction occurs in the gas phase over a catalyst at temperatures < 300 "C (572 F) and pressiues > 250 bar (246.7 atm) [12]. Other details of the process are proprietary. The products are ... 

These are easily prepared by the reaction of amines with carbon disulfide (1) in the presence of alkali (Scheme 17).2 The synthesis of dithiocarba mates (4) was first reported by Debus in 1850. Dithiocarba mates (4) form metal chelates, and sodium dimethyl dithiocarbamate is used in quantitative inorganic analysis for the estimation of metals, e.g. copper and zinc. Dithiocarba mates are also employed as vulcanisation accelerators and antioxidants in the rubber industry, and as agricultural fungicides.3 The parent dithiocarbamic acids are unstable, decomposing to thiocyanic acid and hydrogen sulfide however, the salts and esters are stable compounds. Dithiocarba mates (4) are oxidised by mild oxidants to the thiuram disulfides (38) (Scheme 17). 

The fungicidal properties of dithiocarbamates, like thiram, are probably associated with their ability to chelate with essential trace metals such as copper and zinc. Additionally, the 1 1 metal chelates are themselves fungicidal with the ability to penetrate lipid barriers in the fungal cell, and are probably the ultimate toxicants in these fungicides.3 Alkyl esters of dithiocarbamic acids are readily prepared by treatment of sodium dithiocarbamate (4) with the appropriate alkyl halide (Scheme 20). 

Use Fungicide, manufacture of chelating agents (EDTA), dimethylolethylene-urea resins, chemical intermediate, solvent, emulsifying agent, textile lubricants, antifreeze inhibitor. 

Penicillamine (D-(3,(3-dimethylcysteine) is an effective chelator of copper, mercury, zinc and lead which promotes the excretion of these metals in the urine. It is clinically used in patients with Wilson s disease, with rheumatoid arthritis and with heavy-metal intoxications. Ziram and ferbam are the zinc and the iron salts respectively of dimethyl-dithiocarbamic acid (Figure 20.44). They are widely used as selective fungicides in agriculture. Pyrithione (1 -hydroxy-2(l//)-pyridinethione), as its zinc salt is used in dermatology as antiseborrheic. 

Pentachlorophenol was chosen because it is a broad spectrum biocide widely used as a wood preservative and as a slime control agent.17-20 8-Hydroxyquinoline had been used as a fungicide before 1900 and is thought to function by chelating metal ions.21 23 Tribromosalicylanilide is an active biocide with low dermatological effects to humans.24-26 jj-g biocidal effects vary upon the addition of surfactants to its medium. o-... 

It has also been observed that the fungicidal property of organic phosphorus compounds increases with their tendency to form metal chelate compounds. This phenomenon is particularly characteristic of derivates containing amido groups, which may form chelate compounds with the microelements needed for normal... 

Its fungicidal action is moderate in vitro, but it has a high chemotherapeutic potency (Dimond and Davis, 1953). It should be mentioned that its parent compound, mercaptobenthiazole, is not a systemic microbiocide, and its activity is partly due to its chelate-forming properties (Horsfall, 1957). It has not become important in agriculture. 

Q-1300,-1301. [WakoChem.USA] N-Nitrosophenylhydroxylamine salts analytical reagents, radical polymerization inhibitor, chelating agent, antioxidant, r ric. chemicals, germicides, fungicides. 

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