Gluconate salt

CCM is moderately soluble in water and has higher aqueous solubility compared to a number of other Ca sources often used for food fortification and in dietary supplements. However, the Ca lactate and gluconate salts have higher solubility that conceivably may be advantageous in unique applications when a very high concentration of the Ca salt is required (e.g., concentrated syrups and/or liquid nutritional supplements). 

Quinidine is 70-80% bioavailable following oral administration. It is 80% bound to albumin and a i-acid glycoprotein. It is eliminated primarily by hepatic metabolism. The principal metabolite, 3-hydroxy quinidine is biologically active with half the activity of the parent compound. Twenty percent of the quinidine dose appears in the unchanged form in the urine. The elimination half-life is 6-8 hours. Quinidine is usually administered in a slow release formulation, eg, that of the gluconate salt. 

Succinate, fumarate, and gluconate salts and complexes are, like citrates, used in iron supplements. Iron-gluconate complexes are sufficiently stable not to cause iron toxicity (in contrast to Fe + aq, Fe + aq, and complexes of low stability) and are safe and effective in hemodialysis there is information on iron transfer between gluconate and transferrin. ... 

Gluconate, lactate, etc.—These terms refer to the anionic components of organic salts. For example, a positive potassium ion can be balanced in an electrolyte with a gluconate anion. If the liquid part were to be evaporated, the residue would be crystalline, potassium gluconate salt. 

As excipients, chlorhexidine salts are mainly used for the preservation of eye-drops at a concentration of 0.01% w/v generally the acetate or gluconate salt is used for this purpose. Solutions containing 0.002-0.006% w/v chlorhexidine gluconate have also been used for the disinfection of hydrophilic contact lenses. 

The aqueous concentration of chlorhexidine normally recommended for contact with mucous surfaces is 0.05% w/v. At this concentration, there is no irritant effect on soft tissues, nor is healing delayed. The gluconate salt (1% w/v) is frequently used in creams, lotions, and disinfectant solutions. 

Intravenous calcium can be given as either the chloride or gluconate salt each is available as a 10% solution by weight. Calcium chloride provides approximately three times more calcium than equal volumes of the gluconate salt however, it can cause tissue necrosis if extravasation occurs. For this reason, calcium gluconate is more commonly administered, with the standard dose being one 10-mL ampule TV bolus over 5 to 10 minutes. 

Gluconal . [AkzoBV] Gluconate salts bactericide, fungicide chelating agent for alkaline media mineral source for health foods, pharmaceuticals. 

It is important to realise that for this drug, use of the quinidine gluconate salt without use of the salt form correction factor can introduce a 38% error in the dose and, consequently, in the drug plasma concentration. 

Isono 132. See 2,6-Di-t-butyl-4-s-butvlphenol Isonox 232. See 2,6-Di-t-butyl-4-nonylphenol Isooctadecanamide, N-[2-(N-(2-carboxymethyl)-N-(2-(2-carboxymethoxy) ethyl) amino] ethyl-, disodium salt. See Disodium isostearoamphodiacetate Isooctadecanamide, N-[3-(dimethylamino) propyl]-, gluconate (salt). See Isostearamidopropyl dimethylamine gluconate Isooctadecanamide, N-[3-(dimethylamino) propyl]-, hydroxyacetate (salt) (1 1). See Isostearamidopropyl dimethylamine glycolate Isooctadecanamide, N-[3-(dimethylamino) propyl]-, N-oxide. See Isostearamidopropylamine oxide Isooctadecanamide, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-. See Isostearamide MEA... 

Cardiovascular agents - The metabolism of guinidine, a naturally occurring alkaloid with antiarrhythmic properties, was studied in man as the gluconate salt. Metabolites isolated from urine were found to be oxygenated on either the quinoline or guinuclidine portions of the molecule uncharacterized polyoxygenated derivatives were also found. Commercially available supplies of quinidine consistently contained 10 to 30 percent of an impurity. 

Dequalinium acetate forms micelles with an aggregation number of 16, at a critical concentration of 4 x 10 moll [61]. The association of chlorhexidine salts has been examined by several workers with conflicting results. Heard and Ashworth [62] reported evidence from a variety of techniques for the association of both acetate and gluconate salts of this compound. Perrin and Witzke [63] determined a CMC for chlorhexidine gluconate from measurements of optical rotary dispersion techniques. Later workers [61] were, however, unable to detect any significant association of chlorhexidine acetate. 

Activity in this aspect of carbohydrate chemistry has been limited. A comprehensive study of the spectroscopic (f.t.i.r. and 3c n.m.r) and structural (X-ray powder diffraction) properties of D-gluconate salts (Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+ and NH4) has been described. Data obtained on aqueous solutions suggest that the metal ions are hydrated and that there are no direct sugar-metal ion interactions. Structural studies on solids then served to indicate the nature and extent of oxygen-metal ion interactions. 

Synonyms Isooctadecanamide, N-]3-(dlmethylamlno) propyl]-, gluconate (salt) Isostearyl amidopropyl dimethylamino gluconate Isostearyl amidopropyl dlmethy-... 

Current annual worldwide production capacity of g. is estimated to be 60000 mt. The bulk of production (85%) is in the form of sodium gluconate and other alkali gluconate salts. 

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