Sodium dithiocarbamate

Thiuram Sulfides. These compounds, (8) and (9), are an important class of accelerator. Thiurams are produced by the oxidation of sodium dithiocarbamates. The di- and polysulfides can donate one or more atoms of sulfur from their molecular stmcture for vulcanization. The use of these compounds at relatively high levels with litde or no elemental sulfur provides articles with improved heat resistance. The short-chain (methyl and ethyl) thiurams and dithiocarbamates ate priced 2/kg. Producers have introduced ultra-accelerators based on longer-chain and branched-chain amines that are less volatile and less toxic. This development is also motivated by a desire to rninirnize airborne nitrosamines. 

EDA reacts readily with two moles of CS2 in aqueous sodium hydroxide to form the bis sodium dithiocarbamate. When aqueous ammonia and 2inc oxide (or manganese oxide or its hydrate) is used with a basic catalyst, the 2inc (or manganese) dithiocarbamate salt is isolated. Alternatively, the disodium salt can react with ZnSO or MnSO followed by dehydration in an organic solvent to yield the same salts (48—50). 

The ring opening of the oxazolotriazinium salt 86 with sodium dithiocarbamate was reported by Dovlatyan et al. <1996KGS1417>. The reaction takes place in water at room temperature to yield a dithiocarbamoylethyl-substituted triazinone 87. 

PECH reacted smoothly with sodium dithiocarbamate (NaDTC), as PVC, in DA-solvents affording a photosensitive polymer 16. The most interesting is the reaction of epichlorohydrin and NaDTC. 

Amberlyst A26 (in CE form) is exchanged twice with the aqueous sodium dithiocarbamate (sat. soln.), rinsed successively with H20, EtOH and Et20, and dried. The resin is stable for several days, when stored at room temperature. Alkylation is effected by shaking the resin with the appropriate alkylating agent in PhH at 20 °C. 

Sulfur Compounds. EDA reacts readily with two moles of CS- in aqueous sodium hydroxide to lonn Ihc bis sodium dithiocarbamate. 

Sodium dithiocarbamates are similarly converted to aryl dithiocarbamates with polymeric aryliodonium bisulfates 20 derived from styrene (Scheme 41) [116]. The high regioselectivity of C-I bond cleavage in 20 is noteworthy, only trace amounts of iodoarenes [Arl] having been detected in occasional cases . Regioselective conversions of p-phenylenebis(phenyliodonium) ditriflate (21) top-phenylenebis(dithiocarbamates) with dithiocarbamate salts have also been reported (Scheme 41) [117]. 

Another entry to 1,3-dithiolylium salts starts from 5-vinyl Af,iV-dialkyl dithiocarbamates (239) which are easily obtained by reaction of sodium dithiocarbamates with 1,2-dibromoethane. Treatment of the dithiocarbamates (239) with bromine gives the 1,3-dithiolylium bromides (242) via the intermediates (240) and (241) (73CL867). 

Mixing aqueous solutions of alkali tellurapentathionate and sodium dithiocarbamates precipitates tellurium bis[dithiocarbamates]6-9. 

Tellurium bis[0-ethyl dithiocarbonate] dissolved in chloroform is converted to insoluble tellurium bis[dithiocarbamate] upon addition of solutions of sodium dithiocarbamates in methanol or ethanol3,4. 

When solutions of tellurium bis[diethyldithiocarbamate] and sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate or sodium pentamethylenedithiocarbamate in methanol are mixed, the less soluble dimethyl or pentamethylene derivative precipitates. To drive the reaction to completion an excess of the sodium dithiocarbamate is required3-4. 

When tellurium bis[(9-ethyl dithiocarbonate] was heated in methanol with sodium dithiocarbamates, tellurium bis[dithiocarbamates] were formed3. 

Phenylazo)phenyl tellurium chloride reacted with sodium dithiocarbamates at room temperature to give 2-(phenylazo)phenyl dithiocarbamato tellurium compounds3. 

There are some serious drawbacks to the use of cis-platin in anticancer therapy. Severe toxicity problems occur, such as failure of the kidneys and bone marrow (nephrotoxicity and hematoxicity), nausea, intractable vomiting (emesis), peripheral neuropathy, deafness (ototoxicity), and seizures. These toxic side effects of cisplatin limit the dose that can be administered to patients typical doses are 100 mg day for up to five consecutive days. The nephrotoxicity can be reduced by hydration and diuresis. 5-HT3-receptor blockers control nausea and emesis. Much effort has been devoted to the development of chemopro-tective agents, which alleviate the side effects on normal tissues without compromising antitumor activity - mainly sulfur-containing agents such as sodium dithiocarbamate (Naddtc), 2-mercaptoethanesulphonate (mesna), and amifos-tine (WR-2721). Amifostine has recently been approved for coadministration with cisplatin, which reduces nephro- and neurotoxicity. ... 

SYNS CUPRAL DDC DEDC DEDK DIETHYLCARBAMODITHIOIC ACID, SODIUM SALT DIETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE SODIUM DIETHYL-DITHIOCARBAMIC ACID SODIUM DIETHYD DITHIOCARBAMIC ACID, SODIUM SALT DIETHYL SODIUM DITHIOCARBAMATE DITHIOCARB DITHIOCARBAMATE NCI-C02835 SODIUM DEDT SODIUM NJ4-DIETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE SODIUM SALT of N,N-DIETHYLDITHIOCARBAMIC ACID THIOCARB USAF EK-2596... 

The same compounds were obtained when phenyl and 4-methoxyphenyl tellurium trichlorides were reacted with sodium dithiocarbamates ... 

Diorgano tellurium dithiocarbamate halides are isolated in quantitative yield from reaction mixtures containing equimolar amounts of a diorgano tellurium dihalide and an ammonium or sodium dithiocarbamate . ... 

Reaction of sodium dithiocarbamate with an equimolar amount of the chloroacetaldehyde/sodium hydrogen sulfite adduct (110) in dimethyl-formamide at room temperature yields 111 quantitatively. The latter, treated first with concentrated sulfuric acid and then with sodium tetraphenylborate, gives the salt 112 in 86% yield.Under the same conditions, piperi-dinium dithiobenzoate reacts with 110 providing in 64% yield 2-phenyl-l,3-dithiolium tetraphenylborate. ... 

The fungicidal properties of dithiocarbamates, like thiram, are probably associated with their ability to chelate with essential trace metals such as copper and zinc. Additionally, the 1 1 metal chelates are themselves fungicidal with the ability to penetrate lipid barriers in the fungal cell, and are probably the ultimate toxicants in these fungicides.3 Alkyl esters of dithiocarbamic acids are readily prepared by treatment of sodium dithiocarbamate (4) with the appropriate alkyl halide (Scheme 20). 

Unless otherwise indicated, metal content is given in micrograms per gram of protein. All zinc determinations by the dithizone method in duplicate, and in quadruplicate for the crystalline enzyme preparations. Copper determined by the sodium dithiocarbamate method. Spectrographic analyses were done in duplicate, and separately on two different instruments. 

In analogy to the reaction of 3,5-dichlorothiatriazine with thiolates, the same reaction type proceeds with sodium dithiocarbamate (X = S) to yield 3-chloro-Ar,Ar-dialkyl-5-(thiocarb-amoylsulfanyl)-lA4,2,4,6-thiatriazin-l -amines 19a-c as stable crystalline compounds. Further nucleophilic substitution is not observed.45... 

TV-Substituted TV-chloromethylcarbamoyl chlorides (136) react with sodium dithiocarbamates and with thioamides in the presence of base to give a variety of l,3,5-thiadiazin-4-ones as exemplified in Scheme 17 <86MI 618-02>. Likewise, with TV, TVL(Jisubstituted thioureas, 2-alkylimino-5,6-di-... 

By reaction of the oxydiphenoxarsine (71) with various mono- and dibasic acids the esters (75) were synthesized <92Z0B1294>. The synthesis of phenoxarsin-lO-yl dithiocarbamates (76) by reaction of (59) with sodium dithiocarbamates (reaction in MeOH/water, 4 h, 25 °C) has been described <95JOM(493)6l>. Also the phenoxarsin-lO-yl carbodithioates (77) have been described <95MI 626-0l>. Some phenoxarsin-lO-yl diorganodithiophosphinates (78) were prepared by reaction of (59) with salts of the corresponding dithio compounds <94JCS(D)2191>. 

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