Bunte salt

Bunsen-Roscoe law Bunte salt Bunte salts Bunte s salt Bunyavirus Buoyancy... 

The reaction of aziridines (R = H, triazinyl) with thiosulfate yields i -aLkyl thiosulfates (131,132), which are known as Bunte salts (133). 

Sodium ethyl thiosulfate [26264-37-9] is also known as Bunte s salt after the name of its discoverer. Bunte salts may be thought of as esters of thiosulfuric acid (94—96). In essentially all of their chemical reactions, the cleavage is between the divalent and hexavalent sulfur atom. For example, acid hydrolysis produces a thiol and the acid sulfate ... 

Bunte salts have bacterial, insecticidal, and fungicidal properties, and are also used as chelating agents (qv) or surfactants (qv) (97,98). Bunte salts have been tested for preirradiation protection for mammals exposed to lethal radiation doses (99,100) (see Radioprotectiveagents). 

The mustards readily alkylate inorganic thiosulfates to form Bunte salt anions (12,13). For sulfur mustard, the product is Cl(CH2)2S(CH2)2SSO 2-Phosphates react in a similar manner and the product isolated from sulfur mustard is Cl(CH2)2S(CH2)20PO 2. 

Alternatively, the metathesis can be effected by sulfites or bisulfites that convert cystine iato one cysteiae residue and one thiosulfate (Bunte salt) residue. Hair waving based on sulfites is slower than that based on mercaptans and is more likely to cause changes ia hair color. 

The rearrangement of arylsubstituted 1,4-dithiadienes, obtained from the Buntes salts derived from phenacyl halides,offers a... 

Other indirect methods are treatment of the halide with silyl-thiols and KH, followed by treatment with fluoride ion and water, and hydrolysis of Bunte salts (see 10-41) is another method. 

Disulfides can be prepared by treatment of alkyl halides with disulfide ions and also indirectly by the reaction of Bunte salts (see 10-41) with acid solutions of iodide, thiocyanate ion, or thiourea, or by pyrolysis or treatment with hydrogen peroxide. Alkyl halides also give disulfides when refluxed with sulfur and NaOH, and with piperidinium tetrathiotungstate or piperidinium tetrathiomolybdate. ... 

Primary and secondary but not tertiary alkyl halides are easily converted to Bunte salts (RSSOj ) by treatment with thiosulfate ion. ° Bunte salts can be hydrolyzed with acids to give the corresponding thiols or converted to disulfides, tetrasulfides,... 

Typically, the dithionite species disproportionates in aqueous media to afford the hydrogen sulfite and thiosulfonate nucleophiles.64 This finding suggests that sulfite esters (-0S02 ) and Bunte salts (-SS03-)65 could be formed upon iminium methide... 

Scheme 7.11 shows the product structures resulting from the dithionite reduction of a simplified version of WV-15. The symmetric sulfite diester was extracted from the reaction mixture with methylene chloride. The isolation and characterization of the sulfite diester confirmed that this species can form in dithionite reductive activation reactions and provided the chemical shift for the 10a-13C center of a mitosene sulfite ester (49.37 ppm). The aqueous fraction of the reaction contained the mitosene sulfonate and trace amounts of Bunte salt, based on their 13C chemical shifts. 

Permonosulphuric acid treatment confers only a modest shrink-resist effect which usually needs to be improved by a subsequent additive treatment. It has been suggested [300] that the most likely mechanism for inhibiting felting by permonosulphuric acid treatment is the removal of degraded protein from below the exocuticle, producing a modified surface with a reduced differential friction. The direct formation from cystine residues of low concentrations of Bunte salts has been confirmed, as indicated in Scheme 10.42. 

Na03SS)n — [wool] — SNa + [wool]—SS03Na Wool protein Bunte salts... 

It has been demonstrated recently that the dichromate oxidation of wool cystine proceeds as shown in Scheme 5.18. The cystine crosslinks (5.73) are cleaved to give dehydroalanine (5.74) and perthiocysteine (5.75) residues, the latter being readily oxidised by the dichromate ions to yield cysteine-S-sulphonate (Bunte salt) residues (5.76). 

Feldstein, R., Bunte Salt Polymers Synthesis. Reactivity and Properties. Ph.D. Dissertation, The American University, 1971. 

Reaction of sulfite ion with cyclic sulfinyl sulfone [33] gives [44], a compound containing the unusual Bunte salt S-oxide functional group, -S(0)S03- (Chau and Kice, 1977b). Although [44] is reasonably stable in acetate or chloroacetate buffers in 60% dioxan, it decomposes extremely rapidly (f1/2 = 0.5 s at 25 °C) in 0.01 M HC104 and gives an essentially... 

Second, in comparing either the behavior of [65] vs. [67], or that of [66] vs. [68], one sees that the rate of intramolecular displacement of CN- from —SCN by —S02 is about 30 times faster than the rate of intramolecular displacement of SO, from —SSOj by —SOj. This is striking because it contradicts the belief sometimes expressed in the literature, but not apparently founded on any real experimental data, that Bunte salts are considerably more reactive as sulfenylating agents than thiocyanates. The data in (178)—(181) clearly indicate that a thiocyanate can be more reactive than a Bunte salt as a sulfenylating agent. 

Reaction with Thiosulfate-Formation of Bunte Salt. 

The formation of S-alkyl thiosulfate (Bunte salt) by the reaction of alkyl halide and sodium thiosulfate has been well known. Whereas a patent claimed the formation of Bunte salt from PECH and sodium thiosulfate (23), the reaction hardly proceeded in DMF owing to low solubility of sodium salt. On the other hand, both ammonium thiosulfate and PECH were soluble in HMPA-H20 (7 1 vol/vol) and the reaction proceeded homogeneously. Water soluble Bunte salt (j2, v(S0), 1200, 1020 cm-1) was isolated by pouring the reaction mixture into water and salting out with ammonium chloride. The DS based on the mercuric nitrate titration was in nearly accord with that on elemental analysis. The DS values depended on the thiosulfate concentration were shown below. 

The Bunte salt in aqueous dope decomposed gradually resulting an increase of acidity as initial (pH, 5.47), after 7 days (4.81), 14 days (4.76), 28 days (4.64). 

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