Fourier poly blend

Lefebvre, D., Jasse, B., Monnerie, L. Fourier Transform Infrared Study of Unaxially Oriented Poly(2,6-dimethyl 1,4-phenylene oxide)-Atactic Polystyrene Blends, submitted to Polymer... 

Maziarz, P. E. Ill, Baker, G. A., Mure, J. V., and Wood, T. D. A comparison of electrospray versus nanoelectrospray ionization Fourier transform mass spectrometry for the analysis of synthetic poly(dimethylsiloxane)/poly(ethylene glycol) oligomer blends. Int.. Mass Spectrom., 202, 241, 2000. 

Torikai et aU have y-irradiated poly(styrene-co-methacrylate) copolymers and blends of polystyrene and polymethacrylate. They investigated the influence of irradiation on PMMA by ultraviolet and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies and by viscosity measurements. In the case of the blends, the degradahon of the PMMA is similar to that awaited. No shielding effect... 

A series of composites of polystyrene (PS) and block poly(styrene-butadiene) (SBS) prepared by extrusion blending in the injection screw and injection moulding were studied by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. Moulded samples were then dissolved and cast as a film and again studied using FTIR, with higher levels of miscibility noted than on the original moulding. SBS content of the samples was between 20 and 80 percent, with studies also completed on the pure polymers. Differences observed from simulated spectra of the polymer composites were explained by interactions between the two polymers due to partial miscibility. Corroboration of results was provided by calorimetry studies. 16 refs. 

No.19,21st Sept.1999, p.6307-18 TWO-DIMENSIONAL FOURIER TRANSFORM RAMAN CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY STUDIES OF POLYMER BLENDS CONFORMATIONAL CHANGES AND SPECIFIC INTERACTIONS IN BLENDS OF ATACTIC POLYSTYRENE AND POLY(2,6-DIMETHYL-l,4-PHENYLENE ETHER)... 

THE SURFACE COMPOSITION OF POLYCARBONATE/POLY(ETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE) BLENDS BY FOURIER TRANSFORM IR ATTENUATED TOTAL REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY Kugo K Watanabe E Kitaura T Nishino J Konan,University Gunze Ltd. 

Surface modification in order to improve the hydrophilicity of membrane surface can be achieved by blending surface modifying macromolecules to the base material. Blends of phenolphthalein poly(ether sulfone) and poly(acrylonitrile-co-acrylamido methylpropane sulfonic acid), a material that contains charged groups, have been prepared [76]. It was found that the charged groups tend to accumulate onto the membrane surface using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. 

FOURIER TRANSFORM INFARED STUDIES OF POLYMER BLENDS IV. POLY (e-CAPROLACTONE) - POLY(BIS-PHENOL A-CARBONATE) SYSTEM... 

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies of the poly(bis-phenol A-carbonate) (PC) - poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) blend system are presented. This is a complex blend system containing two crystallizable polymers, with large differences in crystalline melting points and glass transition temperatures (Tg), which are compatible in the amorphous state. FTIR spectroscopy has proven to be an excellent technique with which to study these blends. Evidence for the presence of specific chemical interactions between the two polymers in the amorphous state, which infers compatibility, has been obtained. Furthermore, the crystallization of the components of this blend system are readily followed at room and elevated temperatures. Solvent and polymer induced crystallization and the role of the effective Tg of the amorphous phase of the blends in the crystallization of PC is discussed. 

In two recent publications we reported Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies of the blend systems poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) - poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and poly(3-proprolactone) (PPL) - PVC. The former blend system is known to be compatible in the amorphous state and our FTIR studies demonstrated that frequency shifts and band broadening of the carbonyl band associated with PCL occur in blends containing PVC in the molten and... 

The characterization of surface structure for miscible blends is a more formidable task, requiring techniques that are sensitive to the composition of the blend within several nanometers of the surface. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (xps) provided the first direct and quantitative evaluation of surface composition and surface composition gradients for miscible polymer blends of poly(vinyl methyl ether) (PVME) and polystyrene (PS) (22,23). Since that time, the situation has changed dramatically with the advance of theory and the application of exciting new experimental techniques to this problem. In addition to xps and pendant drop tensiometry (22,23), forward recoil spectroscopy (28), neutron (29) and x-ray reflectivity (30), secondary ion mass spectroscopy (either dynamic or time-of-flight-static) (31,32), and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (33-35), have been applied successfully to study surface segregation. The advent of these new tools has enabled a multitechnique experimental approach toward careful examination of the validity of current surface segregation theories (36-39). 

Polymer Blends.—In addition to the work on polyester—polyamide blends reported in Section 2, several other papers describe the characteristics of various polymer formulations with polyamides. Biconstituent fibres have been formed from nylon-6 and poly(ethylene terephthalate). The same polyamide and nylon-12 have been blended with acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer and the temperature and the concentration dependence of the dynamic modulus evaluated. The rheological properties of acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer/nylon-6 mixture have also been reported. Fourier transform infrared studies of nylon-6 and PVC have indicated the presence of specific interactions between the two polymers in both the molten and solid states. Finally X-r y studies carried out on injection-moulded blends of nylon-6, -12, and -66, have revealed that the addition of small amounts of the second component initiates formation of the y-crystalline phase within the nylon-6 polymer matrix. ... 

Our work has focused on high methoxyl pectin. In our studies we have investigated the preparation of plasticized and unplasticized pectin films, both with starch and with poly(vinyl alcohol), and characterized them using dynamic mechanical analysis, tensile measurements, scanning electron microscopy, solubility, and Fourier transfer infirared spectroscopy (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10). We have also investigated the extrusion and characterization of pectin/starch blends (11). 

A. Matsushita, Y. Ren, K. Matsukawa, H. Inoue, Y. Minami, I. Noda, Y. Ozaki. Two-dimensional Fourier-transform Raman and near-infrared correlation spectroscopy studies of poly (methyl methacrylate) blends. 1. Immiscible blends of poly (methyl methacrylate) and atactic polystyrene. Vib Spectmsc 24 171, 2000. 

Many published studies consider cases in which one of the components contains an accessible carbonyl group, the stretching vibration band of which broadens and shifts to lower wavenumber in the presence of a second compatible polymer (see an example in Figure 4.10). Recent examples of thermal and spectroscopic analyses of blend systems include poly(vinyl acetate) (PVA) with PMMA [184] poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) with PVA [185, 186] polybenzimidazole/poly(bisphenol-A-carbonate) [187] andPMMA-fluorinated polymer blends [188]. All these make use of spectral subtraction routines to observe interactions, but additional data-processing tools have also been used to aid understanding, such as Fourier self-deconvolution [188],... 

Xu, Y., Graf J., Painter, P.C., and Coleman, M.M. (1991) Miscibility windows for poly(styrene-co-vinylphenol) blends with poly(n-butyl methacrylate) and poly(n-hexyl methacrylate) a comparison of theoretical predictions with Fourier transform infrared experimental data. Polymer 32, 3103-3118. 

Artyushkova, K. et al. (2001) Direct correlation of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infi ared spectra and images from poly(vinyl chloride)/poly(methyl methacrylate) polymer blends. /. Vac. Sci. TechnoL, A, 19, 2791-2799. 

Unger M, Sato H, Ozaki Y, Fischer D, Siesler HW. Temperature-dependent Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman mapping spectroscopy of phase-separation in a poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)-poly(L-lactic acid) blend. Appl Spectrosc 2013 67 141-148. 

Coleman MM, Zarian J. Fourier-lransform infrared studies of polymer blends, n. Poly (e-caprolactone)-poly (vinyl chloride) system. J Polym SciB 1979 17 837-850. 

Blends of PHBV and polyalcohols have been prepared by solvent casting. The polyalcohols used were castor oil (CO) and poly-propylene glycol (PPG400 and PPG1000). Thermal behaviour, crystallinity, morphology and dynamic mechanical properties of systems with various PPG1000 compositions have been studied. Crystallinity was determined by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy... 

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