Flavoring agents menthol

Substituted cyclohexanes are the most common cycloalkanes and occur widely in nature. A large number of compounds, including steroids and many pharmaceutical agents, have cyclohexane rings. The flavoring agent menthol, for instance, has three substituents on a six-membered ring. 

Hypersensitivity reactions to menthol are well recognized and comprise urticaria and flushing. Twelve cases of contact sensitivity to the flavoring agents menthol and peppermint oil were reported in patients presenting with intra-oral symptoms in association with burning mouth syndrome, recurrent oral ulceration, or a lichenoid reaction (6). Nine patients were followed up and six of these described resolution or improvement of their symptoms as a result of avoiding menthol and peppermint. 

PROBLEM 3.25 Menthol, a flavoring agent obtained from peppermint oil, contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. On combustion analysis, 1.00 g of menthol yields 1.161 g of H20 and 2.818 g of C02. What is the empirical formula of menthol ... 

Menthol is widely used in pharmaceuticals, confectionery, and toiletry products as a flavoring agent or odor enhancer. In addition to its characteristic peppermint flavor, /-menthol, which occurs naturally, also exerts a cooling or refreshing sensation that is exploited in many topical preparations. Unlike mannitol, which exerts a similar effect due to a negative heat of solution, /-menthol interacts directly with the body s coldness receptors. d-Menthol has no cooling effect, while racemic menthol exerts an effect approximately half that of /-menthol. 

Uses Source of turpentine oil and gum rosin natural flavoring agent in foods, pharmaceuticals solvent in shoe polishes, printing inks, cleaning compds., waxes, paper prods., cosmetics solvent, thinnerfor paints, lacquers solvent, reclaiming agent for rubber synthesis of camphor and menthol medicines (liniments) perfumery pesticide mfg. pharmaceutical solvent rubefacient diuretic preps, for respiratory tract disorders in food-pkg. adhesives... 

Menthol is the chief flavoring agent in mint and peppermint and is used in candy, tobacco, oral care items, pharmaceuticals, and various other products. Takasago developed the synthesis of (-)-menthol (in the 1980s) from myrcene, which is converted to diethylgeranylamine by the lithium-catalyzed addition of dieth-ylamine. This is then catalytically isomerized to the chiral 3R-citronella enamine with 96-99% enantiomeric excess. Hydrolysis of this intermediate gave 3R-(+)-citronella a higher chiral purity than citronella from citronella oil. This is the second major corn-... 

GW 3.65 Menthol is a flavoring agent extracted from peppermint oil. It... 

Thus l-DOPA is a drug used for Parkinson s disease, while ibuprofen is an analgesic. Both prosulfuron and (,5)-metolachlor are herbicides, while L-menthol is a flavoring agent. As we will see later, the use of homogeneous catalysts in the manufacture of these chemicals eliminates the formation of unwanted products and increases the overall efficiencies with which the desired conversions are achieved. 

Active agents vary according to use. For controlling bad breath, 2iac salts, sodium lauryl sulfate, and flavors are used. To destroy oral microorganisms, chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium chloride [123-03-5] and ben2alkonium chloride [68391-01-5] are valuable. Essential oils, such as thymol [89-83-8] eucalyptol [470-82-6] menthol, and methyl salicylate [119-36-8] reduce plaque-related gingivitis (see Oils, essential). Sodium fluoride aids ia caries coatrol. 

Cooling, The cooling sensation of menthol-related compounds is different from simple evaporative cooling or cooling from dissolution, as experienced with xylitol, and has a very specific structure-activity relationship. Menthol is the primary cooling agent used in commercial products, for its unique flavor sensation either... 

There are four basic sensations salty, bitter, sweet, and sour. A combination of efforts is required to mask these tastes. For example, menthol and chloroform act as desensitizing agents a large number of natural and artificial flavors and their combinations are available to mask the bitterness most often found in organic compounds. Most formulators refer the selection of compatible flavors to companies manufacturing these flavors, as they may allow use of their drug master file... 

Menthol is largely used as a flavoring or olfactory agent in a variety of products, including cigarettes, liqueurs, cough drops, mouthwashes, toothpastes, and shampoos. Menthol has been used in different medications to relieve symptoms of asthma and rhinitis and is a constituent of cold remedies and ointments designed to be rubbed on to the chest or applied around and even into the nostrils. Applied to the skin, it acts as a rubefacient and counter-irritant, but substantial concentrations of volatile oil can be inhaled from the skin. 

AI3-00708 Caswell No. 856A CCRIS 7299 Cymo-phenol, a- EINECS 201-944-8 ERA Pesticide Chemical Code 080402 FEMA Number 3066 HSDB 866 Isopropyl cresol NSC 11215 Thyme camphor Thymic acid Thymol m-Thymol Thymol (natural). An antibacterial and antifungal agent used in perfumery, microscopy, preservative, antioxidant, flavoring, as a laboratory reagent, in the manufacture of menthol. Used in the prevention of mold and mildew, in flavoring and perfumery, as a preservative and antioxidant and a topical antiseptic. Crystalline solid mp = 51,5° bp = 232.5" dl ... 

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