Farming operations

A complete inventory analysis is conducted for each segment of the fluid milk supply chain to account for all the resource inputs and the primary and secondary sources of GHG emissions (CO2, CH4, and N2O) to air, water, and soil. The resource inputs include raw materials and energy. Their impact on GHG emissions are secondary sources of GHGs. The primary sources of GHG emissions are associated with farm operations. 

The use of recombinant bST does not reduce GHG emissions but increases milk production so that the calculated emissions/unit of milk produced is reduced (Baumann, 1992). Capper et ah (2008) evaluated the environmental impact of using bST in a conventional dairying system and reported reductions in CH4 emissions of 8.3%. 15.2% of the total of small (<100 cows), medium (100 < cows < 500), and large farm operations (cows > 500) surveyed in the United States used bST on 17.2% of the cows (USDA, 2007). The use of bST increased with the size of the operation, with 9.1% of small farms using bST and 42.7% of large farms reporting use of bST. 

While opium is illegal in most countries in the world, including the United States, there are many lawful farming operations. These farms produce the products used by the pharmaceutical industry to make a variety of medications. While only an estimated 15 percent of all opium poppy farming is directed toward legal ends, the chemical substances produced are very important and include... 

Familyversus factory farms The Husbandry Institute, a nonprofit organization dedicated to the humane treatment of animals, defines a family farm as a farm with less than 1,000 animal units, owned and operated by blood-related family members. A factory farm, or large farming operation, is defined by federal and some state statutes as a facility that contains at least 1,000 animal units. 

Triazine herbicides provide cost-effective, broad-spectrum weed control and are key tools in conservation tillage. Although the chemical alternatives to the triazines are more costly and generally less efficacious, they are considerably more reliable as weed control methods and more compatible with current farming operations than available nonchemical weed control methods. Even as more com acreage shifts to herbicide-tolerant com, the need remains for residual herbicides such as the triazines to manage resistant weeds and to avoid the need for multiple tillage passes for weed control. 

Other agricultural applications of foam blankets include prevention of erosion and distribution of soil particulates by wind [589], and reducing ammonia and odour emissions from intensive feed-lot operations, such as in hog-farming operations, by blanketing waste slurries, both in animal houses and spread over fields. Here a cover is needed that will allow passage of fresh wastes, or rain, and that can be easily re-formed, although the foam has to be stable in the presence of ammonia. Applications of foam blankets in areas beyond the agricultural sector are discussed in Sections 9.7 and 10.5. 

Sang Min s farming operations are mostly in Mexico. The market there for local, organic produce is limited. If he wants to go organic, he needs to enter the increasingly competitive organic wholesale market in the United States. However, with lower labor... 

Across the street from my garden and our farm is a large conventional farming operation. The grower plants a rotation of wheat, alfalfa, sunflowers, and corn with an occasional watermelon seed crop. Last year the field was planted with yellow corn for... 

Sabadilla, an extract from the seeds of a tropical lily, is used in home gardens and organic farming operations. It degrades rapidly in the environment, and causes signs of intoxication, and has a mode of action similar to that of pyrethroids. Sabadilla extract has low toxicity to mammals. 

The thermal solar farm operation will be optimum if it efficiently responds to both the variation in solar energy availability (insolation) and to both equipment limitations and market conditions. In order to do that, one of the first requirements is to determine the efficiency curves for each combination of equipment blocks as a function of load and then operate the system at that point. 

The optimization of the solar farm operation is assisted by the automatic switching between five equipment configurations. These configurations are a function of the supply and demand for solar heat energy ... 

Organic food and farming operates on many levels, and has pioneered some new ways of food production that are now becoming the norm. There are several levels of production at which value is added. Every stage must be controlled and monitored to ensure that organic standards are maintained from the farmer s field through to the final consumer. 

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