Particulate soil

Calcium, chlorine, silicon, cadmium Soil particulate and industrial emissions... 

Chan, K. Y. (2001). Soil particulate organic carbon under different land use and management. 

The behavior of aluminum in the environment depends upon its coordination chemistry and the characteristics of the local environment, especially pH. The major features of the biogeochemical cycle of aluminum include leaching of aluminum from geochemical formations and soil particulates to aqueous environments, adsorption onto soil or sediment particulates, and wet and dry deposition from the air to land and surface water. 

Other agricultural applications of foam blankets include prevention of erosion and distribution of soil particulates by wind [589], and reducing ammonia and odour emissions from intensive feed-lot operations, such as in hog-farming operations, by blanketing waste slurries, both in animal houses and spread over fields. Here a cover is needed that will allow passage of fresh wastes, or rain, and that can be easily re-formed, although the foam has to be stable in the presence of ammonia. Applications of foam blankets in areas beyond the agricultural sector are discussed in Sections 9.7 and 10.5. 

Concentrated acid with added Metals, alloys, soils, particulates from air, refrac-... 

Barium reacts with metal oxides and hydroxides in soil and is subsequently adsorbed onto soil particulates (Hem 1959 Rai et al. 1984). Adsorption onto metal oxides in soils and sediments probably acts as a control over the concentration of barium in natural waters (Bodek et al. 1988). Under typical environmental conditions, barium displaces other adsorbed alkaline earth metals from MnO2, SiO2, and TiO2 (Rai et al. 1984). However, barium is displaced from Al203 by other alkaline earth metals (Rai et al. 1984). The ionic radius of the barium ion in its typical valence state (Ba+) makes isomorphous substitution possible only with strontium and generally not with the other members of the alkaline earth elements (Kirkpatrick 1978). Among the other elements that occur with barium in nature, substitution is common only with potassium but not with the smaller ions of sodium, iron, manganese, aluminum, and silicon (Kirkpatrick 1978). 

Quantification of the degree to which toxic and hazardous substances sorb to soil particulates is necessary for the development of mathematical models... 

Several of the research projects carried out in Antarctica under the Italian Programme deal with environmental monitoring for basic research purposes. The applied environmental monitoring implemented at TNB over the last 12 years has borrowed ideas and methodologies from these scientific projects. Scientific monitoring has been concerned with sea water, fresh water, soils, particulates, sediments, air, etc, as well as different biota. Applied environmental monitoring has concentrated on only some of these. 

Builders are formulated into detergents mainly to sequester hardness ions (Ca2+, Mg2+) found in water, as well as to disperse the dirt and soil particulates in the wash water. Common builders used in liquid detergents are sodium and potassium polyphosphates (except in the U.S.), carbonates, aluminosilicates (zeolite A), silicates, citrates, and fatty acid soaps [5],... 

Water-soluble soils Particulate soils Fats/oils Proteins source Carbo- hydrates Bleachable dye source... 

The ideal matrix for SFE is a finely powdered solid with good permeability, allowing a large surface area for fluid-solid interaction. Typical examples are soils, particulates, and powdered dried plant materials. Intermediate in suitability are semipermeable solids, such as polymers, which can be partially penetrated but giving no quantitative extractions. The worst types of samples are wet body tissues, such as fish, solid wood, rocks and liquid samples. ... 

Soil Particulates, carbon black, petroleum oil and grease Surface Metal... 

Adsorption studies with DDT showed that the pesticide was strongly adsorbed on dry soils and muds (267, 268, 269), iron oxides, and gels (269) and was adsorbed from aqueous solutions by soil particulate mat-... 

Toxaphene, lindane, chlordan, and heptachlor were adsorbed by soil particulate matter (158, 216, 255, 261, 268, 279, 291, 295, 299, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305) and volatilized from aqueous (292, 297) and soil (255, 264, 275, 280, 283, 293, 306) systems in a way analogous to that of aldrin, dieldrin, and endrin. Adsorption of the pesticides was most highly related to the organic matter content of soils and aquatic systems and probably occurred through weak physical intermolecular forces at lipophilic sites. Adsorbing and volatizing processes were involved in the fate of these compounds in aquatic and soil systems. Lindane was much more mobile in soil systems than the others (246, 255), probably because of its greater solubility (Table VI), and lindane and heptachlor volatilized much more readily from soils and aquatic systems (290, 292, 293, 296, 306). 

Adsorption of fenuron from aqueous solutions by soil particulate matter was much less than other phenylureas (377). The compound was adsorbed less by clay minerals than other phenylureas (63, 378, 379, 380). 

Wind-blown dust transports zinc bound to soil particulates into the atmosphere (EPA 1980d). The particulates may also contain other materials (Pacyna et al. 1989 Saltzman et al. 1985). Zincbearing particles in the atmosphere are transported to soil and water by wet deposition (rain and snow) and dry deposition (gravitational settling and deposition on water and soil surfaces). The detection of zinc in rainwaters (at concentrations higher than atmospheric particles) confirms the importance of wet precipitation in the removal of zinc particles from the atmosphere (Aten et al. 

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