State statutes

Much of the State Trade Secret Law is judicially written based on old common law precedents. Some states have modernized it with state statutes. 

Visible and ultraviolet absorption and fluorescence spectra, obtained from alcoholic solutions of a commercially packed (out of the State of Florida) FCOJ, are presented in Fig. 9, 10, 11 and 12. Qualitatively, Fig. 9 reveals a lack of resolution in the visible absorption region and a well resolved peak at 280 nm. Comparison with Fig. 1 and 3 shows its absorption characteristics to be more similar to those of orange pulpwash in Fig. 3, indicating adulteration by pulpwash addition. Fluorescence excitation spectra (Fig. 10, 11) reveal well defined peaks at 270-75 nm, and Fig. 12 a shoulder at 270-75 nm. The spectra appear deformed when compared to Fig. 2 and 4 of pure orange juice. However, characteristics are similar to those obtained from pulpwash and very similar to those obtained from prepared model systems. Qualitatively both visible and ultraviolet absorption, and room temperature fluorescence indicate the presence of pulpwash in the FCOJ sample. The spectra are complementary. Absorption also did not indicate further adulteration by dilution which would have been denoted by weaker overall absorption and a shift at 227 nm to shorter wavelength. The sum of absorption at 443, 325 and 280 nm is 0.098 + 1.040 + 1.622 = 2.760 absorbance units. Florida State statute 20-64.07(l)(a) requires FCOJ to be 44.8° Brix which reconstituted to 12.8° Brix (16) and Federal standards, Section 52.2582(a), require 41.8° Brix, reconstituted to not less than 11.8° Brix (17). Therefore, the sum of absorbance is multiplied by the ratio of 12.8 to 11.8° Brix, with a corrected sum of 2.995. The sample absorbance ratio at 443/325 nm is 0.098/1.040 which is equal to 0.094. If the sum and natural log ratio values are substituted into the regression equation ... 

Familyversus factory farms The Husbandry Institute, a nonprofit organization dedicated to the humane treatment of animals, defines a family farm as a farm with less than 1,000 animal units, owned and operated by blood-related family members. A factory farm, or large farming operation, is defined by federal and some state statutes as a facility that contains at least 1,000 animal units. 

My use of the term "simple to describe modern property law, whose intricacies provide employment to armies of legal professionals, will seem grossly misplaced. It is surely the case that property law has in many respects become an impenetrable thicket for ordinary citizens. The use of the term "simple in this context is thus both relative and perspectival. Modern freehold tenure is tenure that is mediated through the state and therefore readily decipherable only to those who have sufficient training and a grasp of the state statutes. Its relative simplicity is lost on those who cannot break the code, just... 

It was clear as soon as it was passed that CERCLA would address only the most serious sites and that there were literally thousands of other sites containing hazardous wastes that also needed to be dealt with. In the absence of federal resources for this task, a number of states passed their own legislation to identify, assess and remediate such sites. Activities undertaken under both the federal and state statutes revealed that hazardous wastes had been buried not only in industrially owned sites but also in municipal and private landfills. Indeed, some of these hazardous wastes were the result of citizen disposal practices. Thus, the dimensions of the problems that Love Canal uncovered were revealed to be larger than first thought and the resources needed to address them much greater than anticipated. Twenty-five years later, these problems persist and many sites still await remediation. 

The regulation of Echinacea products in the United States would fall under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA). Under DSHEA, structure/function claims are permissible, while claims targeting specific diseases would not be permissible, unless reviewed by the FDA. A structure/function claim such as support of the immune system would be acceptable, while alleviates the common cold or flu would not be acceptable for Echinacea, because the claim would target a specific disease state (i.e cold or flu). In the United States, statute 403 (a)(1) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act prohibits labeling that is false or misleading thus, a structure/function claim must meet the criteria set forth in 403(r)(6). 

States have the police power to take regulatory actions to protect the public health, welfare, and safety of their citizens. Thus, states have the authority to license health care professionals and to dictate which health care professionals can prescribe medications. State statutes called Pharmacy Practice Acts dictate what duties pharmacists may perform. 

Laws, both federal and state statutes and local ordinances. 

The NCP contains several criteria that are Intended to guide decisions on the standards to be achieved in Individual remedial actions. Among these the most important are the threshold criteria, which include (1) a general requirement to protect human health and the environment and (2) cleanup standards which have applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARAR). Under the ARAR approach, EPA can use standards from other federal and state statutes (e.g., CWA, SDWA, RCRA) on a case-by-case basis when these requirements are applicable or relevant and appropriate. For example, RCRA land-disposal restorations (LDR) may be relevant and applicable" if a CERCLA remedial action involves RCRA hazardous waste and the waste or its hazardous residue is to be land disposed. In this case, the RCRA LDR standards that are based on the best demonstrated available technology (BDAT) may apply. 

Agree or not, marijuana is currently federally designated Schedule I. So if children choose to consider it no more than a harmless, recreational drug, they need to know that because of its current classification, involvement with marijuana is often treated as an extremely serious violation of the law. Prosecution of the federal violation sometimes takes precedence over state statutes that apply. In the past several decades, millions of people have been arrested for possession, use, and sale of marijuanamore than half a million in 1966 alone. Apparently, when a substance that people want is outlawed, some will risk becoming outlaws to get it, whereas others will not. 

Over the past decade, Congress has considered several Federal product liability statutes that would supersede any relevant State statute or case... 

The industry continued after the war to follow water pollution issues closely at both federal and state levels. The MCA had a nationwide system for tracking proposed state water pollution laws, and it drafted a model state statute. The main focus of the stream pollution committee shifted, however, from legislation to technology, and in 1949 its name was changed to Water Pollution Abatement Committee in view of the inclusion of ground waters in Committee activities. ... 

State publications are listed in the Monthly Checklist of State Publications. These are usually available from one s own Department of State. State statutes must be purchased from West Publishing Company on Long Island. State Administrative Codes are obtained from your Department of State, Division of Administrative Ffrocedure, located in the state capitol. In many states, one must buy the entire code and cannot obtain individual titles, thus defeating one of the main principles of efficient information management—not to be burdened with data that is not relevant to one s operational needs. 

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