Stabilizing, fabrics

Soil-stabilization fabrics Industrial clothing Fireproof clothing... 

There are also other requirements for the host materials, such as mechanical strength, chemical stability, fabrication processibUily, and so on, which should be taken into account during the selection of host materials. All raw materials and procedures involved should be cost-effective, especially for large-scale production, otherwise no industry will adopt. 

Heat setting is typically used to stabilize fabrics with high polyester content During heat setting, volatile components of previonsly applied liber finishes produce air pollution when vaporized by heat setting [28]. These sometimes are condensed and reclaimed for nse as fuel as an appurtenant to heat recovery. 

Subsurface stabilization fabrics n. Fabrics used in the construction on access roads, railroads, parking, and storage areas over soft, unstable soil. The fabric is placed between the subgrade and the stabiUzing fill material where it provides separation of subsoil and fill, filtration of moisture at the subsoil/fill interface, and added tensile reinforcement of the compacted fill. 

Figure 3-88. An example of how annealing time affects Izod impact strength retention. Annealing is the process of subjecting fabricated plastic parts to specific heat-time cycles to relieve or stabilize fabricated parts when so required.

ASTAR-811C Interstitial Embrittlement, Phase Stability, Fabricability... 

Stabilizer Fabrication method(s) and conditions Grain size pm... 

Other aspects of stabilization of acetal resins are briefly discussed under processing and fabrication. Reference 15 provides a more detailed discussion of the mechanism of polymer degradation. 

Despite the anhydride stmcture, it is remarkably stable, surviving addition to the highly alkaline viscose, the acidic coagulating bath, and also resisting multiple laundering of the rayon fabric. The unusual stability may be attributed to the sulfur atoms, which enhance hydrophobicity, and to the stericaHy hindering neopentyl groups that retard hydrolysis. 

This dicarboxyhc ester is then copolycondensed with the other reactants in PET manufacture to produce a flame-retardant polyester [63745-01-7]. The advantage of this rather unusual phosphinate stmcture is its high thermal and hydrolytic stability. The fabric is probably used mainly for flirnishings in pubhc buildings in Japan. 

FWWMR Finish. The abbreviation for fire, water, weather, and mildew resistance, FWWMR, has been used to describe treatment with a chlorinated organic metal oxide. Plasticizers, coloring pigments, fiUers, stabilizers, or fungicides usuaUy are added. However, hand, drape, flexibUity, and color of the fabric are more affected by this type of finish than by other flame retardants. Add-ons of up to 60% are required in many cases to obtain... 

Aqueous Dispersions. The dispersion is made by the polymerization process used to produce fine powders of different average particle sizes (58). The most common dispersion has an average particle size of about 0.2 p.m, probably the optimum particle size for most appHcations. The raw dispersion is stabilized with a nonionic or anionic surfactant and concentrated to 60—65 wt % soHds by electrodecantation, evaporation, or thermal concentration (59). The concentrated dispersion can be modified further with chemical additives. The fabrication characteristics of these dispersions depend on polymerization conditions and additives. 

The result is the formation of a dense and uniform metal oxide layer in which the deposition rate is controlled by the diffusion rate of ionic species and the concentration of electronic charge carriers. This procedure is used to fabricate the thin layer of soHd electrolyte (yttria-stabilized 2irconia) and the interconnection (Mg-doped lanthanum chromite). 

In the calendering method, a PVC compound which contains plasticizers (qv) (60—120 phr), pigments (qv) (0—10 phr), fillers (qv) (20—60 phr), stabilizers (10—30 phr), and other additives, is kneaded with calender roUs at 150—200°C, followed by extmsion between clearance-adjusted roUs for bonding onto the substrate. This method is employed for products with thick PVC layers, ie, of 0.05—0.75 mm thickness. The main plasticizer used is di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DOP). For filler to reduce cost, calcium carbonate is mainly used. A woven or knit fabric made of cotton, rayon, nylon, polyester, and their blend fiber is used as substrate. For foamed vinyl-coated fabrics, the bonded materials are heated in an oven to decompose the foam-blowing... 

Fluorescent Pigments. The first patents for daylight fluorescent products were issued in 1947 (9,10), describing fluorescent dyed cellulose acetate fabrics with several barrier coats to improve long-term stability. These fabrics were brilliantly fluorescent and were widely used during World War II as signal panels. 

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