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Extraction plant liquids

Lube oil extraction plants often use phenol as solvent. Phenol is used because of its solvent power with a wide range of feed stocks and its ease of recovery. Phenol preferentially dissolves aromatic-type hydrocarbons from the feed stock and improves its oxidation stability and to some extent its color. Phenol extraction can be used over the entire viscosity range of lube distillates and deasphalted oils. The phenol solvent extraction separation is primarily by molecular type or composition. In order to accomplish a separation by solvent extraction, it is necessary that two liquid phases be present. In phenol solvent extraction of lubricating oils these two phases are an oil-rich phase and a phenol-rich phase. Tne oil-rich phase or raffinate solution consists of the "treated" oil from which undesirable naphthenic and aromatic components have been removed plus some dissolved phenol. The phenol-rich phase or extract solution consists mainly of the bulk of the phenol plus the undesirable components removed from the oil feed. The oil materials remaining... [Pg.231]

The cat products become feed to other units, such as alkylation and polymerization plants. High boiling liquid products are used to make lubes, and the gas goes into the refinery fuel systems. Cat cracking feed stocks come from atmospherie and vacuum stills, phenol extraction plants, hydrotreaters, deasphalters and cokers. [Pg.13]

Extraktions-anlage, /. extraction plant, -ap-parat, m. extraction apparatus, -dauer, /. time of extraction. -flUssigkeit, /. extraction liquid, liquid extract. -gef ss, n. extraction vessel, -hiilse, /. extraction shell or thimble. -kolben, m. extraction flask, -mittel, n. extracting agent, extraction solvent. -miihle,/. extraction mill, -rtickstand, m. extraction residue. [Pg.142]

Vieno NM, Tuhkanen T, Kronberg L (2006) Analysis of neutral and basic pharmaceuticals in sewage treatment plants and in recipient rivers using solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry detection. J Chromatogr A 1134 101-111... [Pg.223]

C.W. Huck, M.R. Buchmeiser and G.K. Bonn, Fast analysis of flavonoids in plant extracts by liquid chromatography-ultraviolet absorbance detection on poly(carboxylic acid)coated silica and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric detection. J. Chromatogr.A 943 (2002) 33-38. [Pg.357]

Decontamination of soils using supercritical fluids is an attractive process compared to extraction with liquid solvents because no toxic residue is left in the remediated soil and, in contrast to thermal desorption, the soils are not burned. In particular, typical industrial wastes such as PAHs, PCBs, and fuels can be removed easily [7 to 21]. The main applications are in preparation for analytical purposes, where supercritical fluid extraction acts as a concentration step which is much faster and cheaper than solvent-extraction. The main parameters for successful extraction are the water content of the soil, the type of soil, and the contaminating substances, the available particle-size distribution, and the content of plant material, which can act as adsorbent material and therefore prolong the extraction time. For industrial regeneration, further the amount of soil to be treated has to taken into account, because there exists, so far, no possibility of continuous input and output of solid material for high pressure extraction plants, so that the process has to be run discontinuously. [Pg.393]

Extraction of hops can also be achieved under liquid conditions (preferably 72 bar, 20°C) with production costs about 10% lower compared to the process with the supercritical condition (extraction pressure 350 bar, separation pressure 45 bar). However, because hops-extraction plants are operated only four to six months/year, extractions under supercritical conditions are preferred, as such a design provides more flexibility, by allowing the processing of other materials such as tea or cocoa... [Pg.450]

SOCAR now supplies gas to Azerigaz at over 50 discrete locations. In general, the only treatment upstream of these transfer points is physical phase separation of gas and liquids. The Karadag Extraction Plant is the only facility of its kind within the Azeri system, which positively adjusts hydrocarbon dewpoint and extracts gas liquids. [Pg.54]

W. J. Kopycki, H. N. Elsohly, and J. D. McChesney, HPLC determination of taxol and related compounds in Taxus plant extracts, J. Liquid Chromatogr., 77 98 (1994). [Pg.242]

Different plant materials including parsley were extracted with liquid carbon dioxide under liquid-vapour conditions by Naik and Lentz (1989). The yields of the C02 extractions were 10-360% larger than the yields of the steam distillations, while the extraction time was only 1/2 to 1/10 of the time needed for distillation. The energy... [Pg.380]

The residue obtained is repeatedly washed with fresh amounts of the same solvent to maximize yield. Solvent is then recovered in a still at reduced pressure, which lowers the solvent s boiling point and permits the use of gentle heat. The concentrated extract is not distilled but is retained in the vessel in a liquid state. When it is removed and cooled, the concentrated extract solidifies to a waxy consistency called a concrete, which is made up of approximately 50% odourless wax. The unwanted wax is removed by washing with alcohol, which extracts the essential oil. The alcohol mixture is then filtered and alcohol is removed by vacuum distillation. The final residue is called the absolute. A typical solvent extraction plant is shown in Fig. 4.4 in this system the solvent is pumped through a bed of the plant material. [Pg.83]

A New Design of a Multi-Purpose Plant for Extraction of Liquids with Supercritical Fluids... [Pg.621]

As reported in a lot of reviews, extractions with supercritical solvents have a very promising commercial potential. Until now the commercialization is mainly restricted to batchwise extraction of solids with carbon dioxide (e g. decaffeination of coffee and tea, extraction of hop). Laboratory experiments and operation of small-scale pilot plants gave favourable economic values for continuous extraction of liquids with C02 and other gases. Only a few extractions with C02 or C HS are performed already on a small industrial scale. For research purposes and product development a new high pressure counter-current extraction plant was erected. To get greater amounts of product the explosionproof plant was constructed in pilot scale using a special modular concept and an effective visual control system. [Pg.621]

To obtain the Salt, the extracted plant material is dried and then incinerated to an ash. This purges the accumulated impurities and structural components, which protected the plant in its growing environment. They have served their purpose but are no longer necessary. The light gray to white ash we obtain is dissolved in water, filtered and the liquid is then evaporated leaving a purified white crystalline salt. This represents the Alchemical Salt, the true body of the plant. With the separation and purification of our three essentials complete, we move on to the final step of the Spagyric process, that of cohobation. [Pg.27]

Dip tanks containing flammable or combustible liquids Plants manufacturing organic coatings Spray finishing areas (residue must be considered) Solvent extraction plants ... [Pg.130]

Residence time can be as short as 10 sec. One 750 gpm unit is said to have a total liquid holdup of 200 gal. From 3-10 stages per unit have been reported, although Table 14.8 shows a range of 1.8-7.7. A 65 in. dia casing can accommodate throughputs up to 25,000 gal/hr. An economic comparison of a Podbielniak with other extractors is made in Table 14.5(b). Although its basic cost is high, it requires few auxiliaries so that the overall cost of an extraction plant is not drastically out of line in every instance. Nevertheless, this equipment is used primarily when short residence time and other characteristic features are indispensable. [Pg.518]

Adams, R.P., M.F, Balandrin, K.J. Brown, G.A. Stone, S.M. Gruel (1986) Extraction of Liquid Fuels and Chemicals from Terrestrial Higher Plants, 1. Yields from a Survey of 614 Western U.S. Plant Taxa, Biomass 9 255-292. [Pg.1023]

The design of a multi-purpose plant for the continuous extraction of liquids with supercritical fluids is presented. To provide flexibility in order to treat different feedstocks, a modular concept was developed based on experience gained in the operation of bench-scale and pilot plants. Four test systems were chosen in order to determine the proper dimensions for the equipment. Based on experimental data, e.g. measurements of flooding points and maximum flows for various column internals, the design pressure and temperature and heat exchange requirements were determined. The plant was built by a German manufacturer and was operated successfully by a Canadian company in Edmonton, Alberta. [Pg.499]

Extraction equipment can be classified by the method used to contact the solid with the solvent. Two general extraction methods are used for extracting plant raw materials dispersed-solids extraction and percolation extraction. During dispersed-solids extraction, enough solvent is used to suspend the solids within the liquid. A stirred tank is the simplest example of a dispersed-solids extraction. In a percolation extractor, solvent flows through a fixed bed of ground raw material. [Pg.339]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.3 , Pg.25 , Pg.233 , Pg.263 , Pg.302 ]




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Plant extracts

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