Soil remediation

A chemical-enhanced oil-recovery technology can be used to remove oily contaminants from soil. Laboratory studies demonstrated that a variety of alkaline-surfactant combinations can be used with a polymer to reduce the residual oil saturation in waterflooding [1435]. 

Polyaromatic hydrocarbons absorb strongly to humus and other soil components, rendering these contaminants difficult to remove by thermal, physical, or chemical means, and unavailable for biodegradation. To desorb polyaromatic hydrocarbons from soil, surfactant flooding processes and soil-washing processes or treatments to enhance the biodegradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons have been considered. 

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Soil conditioning Soil disinfectant Soil flushing Soil fumigants Soiling of fabrics Soil modification Soil pesticides Soil remediation Soils... 

E. K. Nyer, Practical Techniques forGroundwater and Soil Remediation, Lewis Publ., Chelsea, Mich., 1992. 

In the early years of ground water and soil remediation, pump and treat was the conventional technology. Contaminated ground water is pumped to the surface where it is treated and reinjected or discharged to surface waters or wastewater treatment plants. Reinjection maybe used to stimulate in situ... 

Soil Remediation Benzene, Toluene, Ethylene, Xylene... 

Metaltec is the 16-acre site of a small metal casing fabrication plant and includes an unlined lagoon used for dumping waste solvents from the plant s operations. The waste solvents contaminated both the soil and groundwater on site and were the focus of the remediation efforts. Four parcels of land on the site were originally identified for remedial action. Soil remediation was completed on three of the four parcels in prior... 

Arizona Soil remediation level Residential Non-residential 16.0 mg/kg 170 mg/kg BNA 2001... 

Ho SV et al. (1999) The lasagna technology for in situ soil remediation. 2. Large field test. Environ Sci Technol 33 1092-1099. 

VoUcering F, AM Breure, WH RuUcens (1998) Microbiological aspects of surfactant use for biological soil remediation. Biodegradation 8 401-417. 

The most spectacular incidents concerning oil spills occur in coastal regions. Therefore most of this chapter is devoted to this topic. However, a section is devoted to subsurface and soil remediation jobs. 

Soil remediation technologies can be classified according to the type of treatment processes taking place5-7 ... 

Kuo, J., Practical Design Calculations for Groundwater and Soil Remediation. Lewis Publishers,... 

In situ soil remediation with physical methods includes the in situ heating (in situ thermal treatment), ground-freezing, hydraulic fracturing, immobilization/stabilization, flushing, chemical detoxification, vapor extraction, steam extraction, biodegradation/bioremediation, electroosmosis/ electrokinetic processes, etc. 

Similar to soil remediation, in situ control and excavation-and-treat methods can be applied to sediment remediation. 

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