Expression of genes

Microarray experiments generate large and complex data sets that constitute e.g. lists of spot intensities and intensity ratios. Basically, the data obtained from microarray experiments provide information on the relative expression of genes corresponding to the mRNA sample of interest. Computational and statistical tools are required to analyze the large amount of data to address biological questions. To this end, a variety of analytical platforms are available, either free on the Web or via purchase of a commercially available product. 

Family of transcription factors that modulate the expression of genes which control immune, inflammatory, and acute-phase responses, as well as cell growth, responses to stress, apoptosis, and oncogenesis. All members of this family have a Rel-homology domain that contains sequences responsible for dimerization and DNA binding. In vertebrates, this family includes NF-kB1 (also known as p50), NF-kB2 (also known as p52), Rel (also known as cRel), Rel-A (also known as p65), and Rel-B. 

Garcia-Reyero, Barber, D.S., and Gross, T.S. et al. (2006b). Dietary exposure of large-mouth bass to OCPs changes expression of genes important for reproduction. Aquatic... 

Hormone response elements (for steroids, T3, retinoic acid, peptides, etc) act as—or in conjunction with— enhancers or silencers (Chapter 43). Other processes that enhance or silence gene expression—such as the response to heat shock, heavy metals (Cd and Zn +), and some toxic chemicals (eg, dioxin)—are mediated through specific regulatory elements. Tissue-specific expression of genes (eg, the albumin gene in liver, the hemoglobin gene in reticulocytes) is also mediated by specific DNA sequences. 

REGULATED EXPRESSION OF GENES IS REQUIRED FOR DEVELOPMENT, DIFFERENTIATION, ADAPTATION... 

In conclusion, polyphenols seem to be able to affect the expression of genes involved in the pathogenesis of atherogenesis. Cytokines and adhesion molecules appear to be among the most important genes expressed during the pro-inflammatory situation which precedes the formation of the atheroma, and have also been reported to be affected, at least in part, by phenolics. We... 

Peschel, D. et al., Cnrcnmin indnees changes in expression of genes involved in cholesterol homeostasis, J. Nutr. Biochem., 18, 113, 2007. 

Ozone attacks the rings of PAHs rather indiscriminately with fission of the rings to prodnce aldehyde gronps. There has been concern, however, since the products may be more harmful than their precursors. In the studies that are used as illustration, in vitro gap junctional intracellular communication (GJIC) was used to assess adverse alteration on the expression of genes at the transcription, translational, or posttranslational level ... 

Kamath AV, GL Vaaler, EE Snell (1991) Pyridoxal phosphate-dependent histidine decarboxylases. Cloning, sequencing, and expression of genes from Klebsiella planticola and Enterobacter aerogenes and properties of the overexpressed enzymes. J Biol Chem 266 9432-9437. 

Kim S-J, O Kweon, JP Ftreeman, RC Jones, MD Adjei, J-W Jhoo, Rd Edmonson, CE Cerniglia (2006) Molecular cloning and expression of genes encoding a novel dioxygenase involved in low- and... 

Destefano-Beltran, L., D. Knauber et al. (2006). Effects of postharvest storage and dormancy status on ABA content, metabolism, and expression of genes involved in ABA biosynthesis and metabolism in potato tuber tissues. Plant Mol. Biol. 61(4-5) 687-697. 

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