Analytical Platforms

Microarray experiments generate large and complex data sets that constitute e.g. lists of spot intensities and intensity ratios. Basically, the data obtained from microarray experiments provide information on the relative expression of genes corresponding to the mRNA sample of interest. Computational and statistical tools are required to analyze the large amount of data to address biological questions. To this end, a variety of analytical platforms are available, either free on the Web or via purchase of a commercially available product. 

MONITORING Real Time Analytical Platform (RTAP)... 

Metabonomics has changed the way data are analyzed. Instead of the single biomarker concept, the goal is to simultaneously measure the entire range of plasma metabolites to see changes in the patterns of the biomarkers. This requires both analytical platforms that can assess the broad range of metabolites in an individual and the knowledge of metabolism that is necessary to interpret the analytical data. 

Sample Groups of Samples Metabolomic Approach Analytical Platform Refs. 

A typical metabolite profiling analysis involves the following steps (i) metabolite extraction that often has to be adapted on a case-by-case basis depending on the type of sample and analytical platform chosen (ii) sample preparation which may include partial purification and derivatization steps (iii) instrumental analysis of sample (iv) detection and quantification of metabolite signals to generate a data matrix that summarizes the detected signals and their intensity data and (v) statistical analysis of metabolite profiles (67). 

Owing to the extraordinary diversity of the chemical structure and physicochemical properties of metabolites, there is no a single analytical platform or methodology capable to detect, quantify, and identify all metabolites in the same analysis. Two major analytical platforms are currently used for... 

However, it would be interesting to further develop nanopattemed substrates as an analytical platform, taking into account other essential features of the ECM, and as a manipulating tool for dynamic control of the binding states of cell surface... 

As with other analytical platforms, there are some drawbacks associated with the use of MALDI-TOF MS for DNA analysis. Nucleic acids are susceptible to adduct formation and fragmentation. Their negatively charged backbone makes them behave as polyanions in aqueous solutions. In the presence of cations they tend to form adducts. Most enzymes used in biochemical assays require cations as co-factors, and the predominant ones are sodium (23 Da), magnesium (24 Da), and potassium (39 Da). For example, a sodium ion would add 22 Da to the mass of the analyte, since it would replace a proton (1 Da). Therefore, if adducts are not removed prior to analysis, a distribution of several signals may be obtained, resulting in lower... 

In this section, we introduce the basic principles of ABPP, including probe and tag design, briefly touch upon analytical platforms and classes of enzymes targeted for ABPP. We will then highlight some recent developments in the use of ABPP. The basic ABPP experiment is shown in Fig. 1. 

The first article by Nodwell and Sieber provides a general introduction, surveying analytical platforms for ABPP, enzymatic classes addressable by ABPP probes, and biological applications of ABPP. 

Identiflcation/quantiflcation of a select group of metabolites, generally part of a specific pathway such as glycolysis or fatty acid synthesis. See Dunn, W.B. and Ellis, D.I., Metabolomics current analytical platforms and methodologies, Trends Anal. Chem. 24, 285-294, 2005. 

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