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Gene Expression Is Also Regulated at the Levels of Translation and Polypeptide Processing

Gene Expression Is Also Regulated at the Levels of Translation and Polypeptide Processing [Pg.817]

Following messenger formation, the amount and types of proteins can be modulated in additional ways. The initial polypeptide can be processed in various ways so that different polypeptides or proteins are expressed in different tissues. Such a situation exists for processing the precursor polypeptide preproopiomelanocortin (see fig. 24.7). This polypeptide is processed in different ways in the anterior and intermediate lobes of the pituitary gland to give rise to different hormones in these two tissues. [Pg.817]

Because of the longer lifetime of eukaryotic messengers, it seems likely that translation level controls should play a greater role in regulation of eukaryotic gene expression. Despite this belief, few mechanisms have been elucidated. [Pg.817]

Inactivation of eukaryotic translation factors by covalent modification is one of the few mechanisms known to regulate the rate of translation. Specific protein kinases have been identified that phosphorylate and inactive both eIF-1 and EF-2. The significance of the phosphorylation of EF-2 as a regulatory mechanism of the elongation rate is still not clear, but the phosphorylation of eIF-2 appears to be a general mechanism for controlling translation initiation in many cells. [Pg.817]

The regulation of translation through the phosphorylation of eIF-2 is best understood as it operates in the rabbit reticulocyte. Two protein kinases specific for the a subunit of eIF-2 have been purified from reticulocytes. One of these kinases, termed the heme-regulated inhibitor repressor (HRI), serves to coordinate the rate of hemoglobin synthesis (more than 90% of the total protein synthesized in the reticulocyte is hemoglobin) with the availability of hemin (the [Pg.817]


Alternative Modes of mRNA Splicing Present a Potent Mechanism for Posttranscriptional Regulation Gene Expression Is Also Regulated at the Levels of Translation and Polypeptide Processing Patterns of Regulation Associated with Developmental Processes... [Pg.800]




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And gene expression

And polypeptides

Expression of genes

Gene Expression and Regulation

Gene expression levels

Gene expression, regulation

Gene expression/regulation Translation

Gene expression/regulation levels

Gene expression/regulation regulated

Gene expression/regulation translational

Gene processing

Gene regulation

Gene regulators

Gene translation

Genes processed

Level of expression

Polypeptide processing

Process regulations

Processing regulation

Regulation at the Gene Level

Regulation at the Level of Translation

Regulation of Expression

Regulation of Gene Expression

Regulation translation

Regulation translational

The Regulation of Gene Expression

The Regulator

The regulation

Translation and

Translation process

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