Ethnopharmacology

Sabu, M.C. Ramadasan, K (2002). Anti-diabetic activity of medicinal plants and its relationship with their antioxidant property. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Vol. 81, No.2, (July 2002), pp. 155-160, ISSN 0378-8741. 

Incorporating the Kirtas system with the International Plant Names Index and SNOW-MED allows movement of the historic text into an electronic format, identihcation of current plant names, and identihcation of the symptoms treated with the plants. To complete the mining of historic herbal texts for novel drug leads we use the Natural Products Alert (NAPRALERT ) database to compare the information extracted from the historic herbal text to the reports of plant use in the current literature. The NAPRALERT database provides a summary of plants ethnopharmacological use, biochemical activities, and isolated compounds [27]. By querying each plant (with the current plant name) it is possible to identify any reports in the current literature regarding the plant. As an example, Table 4.1 shows the NAPRALERT output for Cycas rumphii. 

A special issue of The Journal of Ethnopharmacology in 1981 (Vol. 3, Nos. 2-3) was devoted to coca and cocaine (98). Several other, more general articles on the pharmacological effects of tropane alkaloids have recently appeared (173-185). 

Ethnopharmacology of medicinal plants Asia and the Pacific / Christophe Wiart. p. cm. 

Materia medica, Vegetable—Asia. 2. Ethnopharmacology—Asia. 3. Materia medica, Vegetable—Pacific Area. 4. 

Asia and the Pacific emphasizes the fundamental importance of the precise observation of the use of each medicinal plant, combined with pharmacological experiments and its botanical classification, and provides the base for a new theory of ethnopharmacology. 

Bernard P, Scior T, Didier B, Hibert M, Berthon JY. Ethnopharmacology and bioinfor-matic combination for leads discovery application to phospholipase A(2) inhibitors. Phytochemistry 2001 58 865-874 ... 

From Ethnopharmacology of Medicinal Plants Asia and the Pacific Edited by C. Wiart Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ... 

Wake G, Court J, Pickering A, Lewis R, Wilkins R and Perry E (2000). CNS acetylcholine receptor activity in European medicinal plants traditionally used to improve failing memory. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 69, 105-114. 

Githiori, J. B., Hoglund, J. Waller P. J. and Baker, R. L. (2002). Anthelmintic activity of preparations derived from Myrsine africana and Rapanea melanophloeos against the nematode parasite , Haemonchus contortus, of sheep. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 80(2-3), 187-191. 

Farnsworth, N.R. (1990). The role of ethnopharmacology and the search for new drugs. In Bioactive Compounds from Plants,., J. Chadwick and J. Marsh (eds) pp.2-21. John Wiley Sons, Chicester U.K. 

Deulofeu, V. (1979) Chemical compounds isolated from Banistereopsis and related species. In Ethnopharmacologic Search for Psychoactive Drugs, edited by D. H. Efron, B. Holmstedt, and N. S. Kline, pp. 393-402. Raven Press, New York. 

Bisset, N.G., Bruhn, J.G., Curtos, S., Holmstedt, B., Nyman, U. and Zenk, M.H. (1994). Was opium known in 18th dynasty An examination of materials from the tomb of the chief royal architect Kha. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 41 99-114. 

It is unlikely that myrrh will be used clinically for analgesic purposes, given the presence of other superior analgesics. Flowever, it is mentioned here for the historical and ethnopharmacological aspects. 

Braquet P, Hosford D. (1991). Ethnopharmacology and the development of natural PAF antagonists as therapeutic agents. J Ethnopharmacol. 32(1-3) 135-39. 

Mascolo N, Jain R, Jain SC, Capasso F. (1989). Ethnopharmacologic investigation of ginger (Zingiber officinale). J Ethnopharmacol. 27(1-2) 129-40. 

Martin WJ, Tsou K, Walker JM. (1998). Cannabinoid receptor-mediated inhibition of the rat tail-flick reflex after microinjection into the rostral ventromedial medulla. Neurosci Lett. 242(1) 33-36. Mascolo N, Jain R, Jain SC, Capasso F. (1989). Ethnopharmacologic investigation of ginger (Zingiber officinale). J Ethnopharmacol. Nov. 27(1-2) 129-40. 

Blum K, Futterman SL, Pascarosa P. (1977). Peyote, a potential ethnopharmacologic agent for alcoholism and other drug dependencies possible biochemical rationale. Clinical Toxicol. 11(4) 459-72. 

Dennis J. McKenna and G. H. N. Towers. "On the comparative ethnopharmacology of the Malpighiaceous and Myristicaceous hallucinogens." Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 17 (1985) 35-39. 

Dennis J. McKenna, G. H. N. Towers, and F. S. Abbott. "Mono-amine oxidase inhibitors in South American hallucinogenic plants Tryptamine and B-carboline constituents of Ayahuasca". Journal of Ethnopharmacology 10 (1984) 195-223. 

II Constituents of orally aowc Myristi-caceous hallucinogens." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 12. (1984) 179-211. 

Patwardhan B. (2000) Ayurdeva The Designer medicine A review of ethnopharmacology and bioprospecting research. Indian Drugs 37 213-227. 

Traditionally, lead compounds have been discovered in one of two ways. The hrst is one of trial and error. This is the way many plant and animal products and minerals have been found to be effective in the treatment of some medical disorder. For example, no one knows when the hrst person learned that chewing on the bark of the willow tree [Salix alba) helped relieve pain and reduce fever, but willow bark has been used in many cultures for untold centuries for just that purpose. Today we know that the active ingredient in willow bark is a derivative of salicylic acid (CgH4(OH)COOH), which today is sold commercially as aspirin or one of its analogs. Drug researchers continue to rely heavily on the study of folk medicines—a science known as ethnopharmacology—for the discovery of new plant and animal products that may have medical applications in the modern world. Indeed, scientists have discovered that the medical... 

Heinrich, M., and S. Gibbons. "Ethnopharmacology in Drug Discovery An Analysis of Its Role and Potential Contribution, Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology vol. 53, no. 4, April 2001 425-432. 

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