Epithelial cells retina

Keywords Biomaterials Cell-biomaterial interactions Extracellular matrix Integrins Adhesion Immune response Biocompatibility Biomaterial surface modifications Topography Morphology Porosity Hydrophobicity Age-related macular degeneration Retinal pigmented epithelial cells Retina Brach s membrane... 

Crane, U, Wallace, CA, McKillop-Smith, S, and Forrester, JV, 2000b. CXCR4 receptor expression on human retinal pigment epithelial cells from the blood-retina barrier leads to chemokine secretion and migration in response to stromal cell-derived factor 1 alpha. J Immunol 165,4372-4378. 

Mechanism of Action A fat-soluble vitamin that may act as a cofactor in biochemical reactions. Therapeutic Effect Is essential for normal function of retina, visual adaptation to darkness, bone growth, and testicular and ovarian function preserves integrity of epithelial cells. 

Durlu, K. Tamai, M. In In Vitro Expression of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor by Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells in Degenerative Diseases of the Retina, Anderson, R. E., Ed. Plenum Press New York, 1995, pp. 69-76. 

Oatpla4 was cloned initially from rat brain. It consists of 661 amino adds and is 77% identical to Oatplal [37]. The protein was expressed at the basolateral membranes of hepatocytes and choroid plexus epithelial cells, at the abluminal and luminal domains of brain capillary endothelial cells, and at the apical microvilli of the retinal pigment epithelium [14, 38-40]. In addition, Oatpla4mRNAwas detected in various regions of the brain and in retina [41]. 

In the primitive nervous system, sensory cells evolved from general epithelial cells. Primitive nervous systems of modern echinoderms and lower deuterostomes are still composed of three cell types that include the primary sensory cells, the neurons that connect the sensory cells to distal targets, and a supporting cell that serves the special physiological needs of such a system (Lacalli, 2001). The basic structural plan of the retina is comparable to such a primitive nervous system. In the course of evolution, the photoreceptive system developed specialized photoreceptor cells (rods and cones), intra-retinal second-order neurons (bipolar cells), and tertiary output neurons (ganglion cells). This evolution perhaps took place in photopic conditions therefore early photoreceptor cells were more like cones. 

Gao H, Hollyfield JG. 1992. Aging of the human retina. Differential loss of neurons and retinal pigment epithelial cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 33 1-17. 

Seiler MJ, Aramant RB, Bergstrom A. Co-transplantation of embryonic retina and retinal pigment epithelial cells to rabbit retina. Curr Eye Res 1995 14 199-207. 

CD57 (leu 7) Neuroendocrine tumors T-cell lymphoma and pre T-ALL, chordoma, MPNST, germ cell tumors, papillary thyroid carcinoma, thymic carcinoma, germ cell tumors, synovial sarcoma, carcinoid tumors, schwannoma, mesothelioma, astrocytoma and glioblastoma NK-cells, Schwann cells, gastric chief cells, adrenal medulla, pancreatic islets, renal tubular epithelium, epithelial cells of thymic cortex, retina, oligodendrocytes... 

German OL, Bnzzi E, Rotstein NP, Rodrignez-Bonlan E, Pohh LE (2008) Retinal pigment epithelial cells promote spatial reorganization and differentiation of retina photoreceptors. Journal of Neuroscience Research 86 3503-3514. 

Expression, at least at the mRNA level, has also been reported in leukocytes [2545], skin fibroblasts [2546], kidney [2547] (and fetal liver and kidney [2547]), and the arterial wall [2548]. Other sites (in humans) include the male reproductive tract (round and elongated spermatids, vesicles within the caputepidii mis, glandular epithehmn of canda epididymis, seminal vesicles, prostate, and spermatozoa [2448] and retina pigment epithelial cells [2549, 2550]). P450 27A1 has been detected in human hver using LC-MS [635]. 

---