Epidemiological assessment

Based on the current hterature from experimental animal studies, case reports, case-confrol studies, and epidemiological studies, one can conclude that the studies show  

A temporal relationship between exposure to industrial solvents and the development of chronic kidney disease (glomerulonephritis). 

These criteria fulfill the Bradford-Hill criteria,and establish the basic criteria required for causation. 

1 Morrison, RR, and Boyd RN, Organic Chemistry, 5ih Edition, Morrison RT, Boyd RN, Eds, 

2 Domask, WG, Renal Effects Of Petrolenm Hydrocarbons, Mehlman, MA, Hemstreet GP 111, Thorpe JJ, Weaver NK, Eds, Princeton Scientific Publishers, Princeton, 1-25. 

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Landrigan PJ. 1988. Epidemiologic assessment of lead absorption associated with incineration of municipal waste. Division of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, NY. 

Hamill Py Steinberger E, Levine RJ, Rodriguez-Rigau LJ, Lemeshow S, Avrunin JS The epidemiologic assessment of male reproductive hazard from occupational exposure to TDA and DNT. J Occup Med 24 985-993, 1982... 

DoU, Richard. 1990. Are We Winning the Fight against Cancer An Epidemiological Assessment. European Journal of Cancer 26 (4) 500-508. 

See, e.g., guidance for industry on Good Pharmacovigilance Practices and Pharmaco-epidemiologic Assessment at pages 6 to 7 and 17 to 18. 

Milby, T.H. Whorton, D. (1980) Epidemiological assessment of occupationally related, chemically induced sperm count suppression. J. occup. Med., 22, 77-82... 

Orioli IM, Castilla EE. Epidemiological assessment of misoprostol teratogenicity. BJOG 2000 107(4) 519-23. 

Jalloh A, Tantular IS, Pusarawati S, et al. Rapid epidemiologic assessment of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in malaria-endemic areas in Southeast Asia using a novel diagnostic kit. Trap Med Int Health. 2004 9 615-623. 

Chmelevsky D, Mays CW, Spiess H, et al. 1988a. An epidemiological assessment of lens opacifications that impaired vision in patents injected with radium-224. Radiat Res 115 238-257. 

Kaufman D W, Shapiro S 2000 Epidemiological assessment of drug-induced disease. Lancet 356 1339-1343... 

BatesMN. "Mercury amalgam dental fillings an epidemiologic assessment."IntJ Hyg Environ Health 2006 209 309-16 Riddle M, Gardner E, Beswick I, Filshie I. The nephrotic syndrome complicating mercurial diuretic therapy. Brit Med J 1958 1 1274-7. 

Yaffe BA, Reeder BA. 1989. An epidemiologic assessment of exposure of children to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in a Toronto community. Can J Public Health 80 325-329. 

To conduct an epidemiologic assessment of anthrax in Azerbaijan, it is necessary to pay attention to the so-called hearths of disease, which are numerous and persistent. Presently, 115 stationary, nonsatisfactory foci of infection, encompassing all physical and geographical regions of Azerbaijan, are registered. 

Wolf PA, Dawber TR, Thomas HE Jr, Kannel WB. Epidemiologic assessment of chronic atrial fibrillation and risk of stroke the Framingham study. Neurology 1978 28 973-7. 

Kreutzer RA, Hewitt DJ, Draper WM An epidemiological assessment of the Cantara metam sodium spill acute health effects and methyl isothiocyanate exposure, in Environmental Epidemiology Effects of Environmental Chemicals on Human Health. Edited by Draper WM. Washington, DC, American Chemical Society, 1994, pp 209-230... 

Feldmann U (1993) Epidemiologic assessment of risks of adverse reactions associated with intermittent exposure. Biometrics 49 419-428. 

Rapid epidemiologic assessment of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in malaria-endemic areas in Southeast Asia using a novel diagnostic kit. 

The stringent R-MACT control specifications have been developed over a long period of time (more than 15 years) and refiect a compromise between what is possible and what is desirable in order to protect pubhc health while allowing improvements of valuable technologies. The emission specifications for each component and especially for the 210 congeners of chlorinated dioxins and furans were arrived at after completion of a great deal of research and mai r medical and epidemiological assessments of possible harm done by emissions to the air and/or water by these compounds. These studies have not yet been concluded. 

Original study records, with protection of the participants confidentiality, should be preserved wherever possible from these an anonymous data archive could be made publicly available for retrospective epidemiological assessment of associations with adverse and beneficial outcomes. 

TABLE 12.6 Prospective Epidemiological Assessment of Low-Level Lead ... 

TABLE 12.7 Prospective Epidemiological Assessments of Low-Level Lead Exposures In Young Children The Cincinnati, OH, Studies ... 

TABLE 12.10 Prospective Mexico, Studies Epidemiological Assessments of Low-Level Lead Exposures in Young Children The Mexico City, n... 

An important part of the statistical and epidemiological assessments of Bunker HiU children was the impact of treatment modality on children s PbB levels. This was done using a mixed model repeat measures analysis comparing two exposure control methods over the period 1989—1998. Treatments consisted of either yard soil Pb reduction or public health interventions without soil removal by the Panhandle Health District, using the various methods described earlier. Table 23.5 notes comparative data for selected years plus data for aU years combined, and compares control pre-and post-PbB with exposed pre- and post-PbB values for the indicated year. 

Measurements of PbB among children in these stretches of the Basin were carried out for 765 individuals, 21% of the estimated census of 3,651 people. There were 47 children 0—5 years of age included out of 231 total for that age band, 21%. Age-stratified childhood data included two sets of measurements for pre-6-year-old children 9 to 60 months old and 9 to 24 months old. Results are tabulated in Table 23.7 for the 1996 epidemiological assessment period. 

Two epidemiological assessments that are particularly useful here are those of Moore et al. (1985) and Sherlock et al. (1984), who reported reductions in both mean tap water Pb and population mean PbB levels for Scottish cities when their corrosive water supplies were treated to increase the pH and decrease corrosivity. In both cases, tap water Pb and blood lead levels declined relatively rapidly and dramatically with such remedial interventions. The data of Moore et al. (1985) showed that using a closed-loop water hm-ing system for Glasgow resulted in a mean decline in Pb from 244 to 13 pg/1, while figures for Ayr, Scotland showed a decline in mean water Pb from 474 to 51 pg/1 (Sherlock et al., 1984). 

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